Local area networks (LANs) have become commonplace in most medium and large companies. Now, wide area networks (WANs) have become the next communications frontier. However, WANs are much more complicated than LANs. In most WAN environments, the more devices an individual has to manage, the more time-consuming is the process of monitoring those devices. Complexity also increases very rapidly due...

in this paper, we consider a cooperative cognitive radio network in which there is an ofdm primary link and multiple single carrier secondary links.the primary link is required to maintain its secrecy rate above a predefined threshold. if the secrecy rate requirement is not satisfied, the secondary system help primary link to maintain its secrecy rate requirement. in doing so, the secondary trans...

Direct-sequence spread spectrum is used for underwater acoustic communications between nodes, at least one of which is moving. At-sea data show that the phase change due to source motion is significant: The differential phase between two adjacent symbols is often larger than the phase difference between symbols. This poses a challenge to phase-detection based receiver algorithms when the source...

The radio holography methodology may be applied in the scientific programs for future small satellite that will use radio signals emitted by radio navigation, radio communication satellites for precise measuring effects of radio waves propagation at low elevation angles and for global monitoring of radio communication channels passed through the atmosphere and ionosphere. Another task consists ...

Most bacterial source tracking (BST) methods are too expensive for most communities to afford. We developed targeted sampling as a prelude to BST to reduce these costs. We combined targeted sampling with three inexpensive BST methods, Enterococcus speciation, detection of the esp gene, and fluorometry, to confirm the sources of fecal contamination to beaches on Georgia's Jekyll and Sea Islands ...

The present study investigates the nature of the link between the staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) gene and the lifecycle of Siphoviridae bacteriophages, including the origin of strain variation regarding SEA production after prophage induction. Five strains representing three different genetic lines of the sea region were studied under optimal and prophage-induced growth conditions and the S...

To operate successfully, most large distributed systems depend on software, hardware, and human operators and maintainers to function correctly. Failure of any one of these elements can dis­ rupt or bring down an entire system. One such distributed system, the US Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), is the US portion of pos­ sibly the largest distributed system in existence.1 Like all tele...

Asterias amurensis, also referred to as the Northern Pacific seastar, is so indiscriminate a predator that it deserves to be called pirates of the sea. They usually eat fish and shellfish including abalones and clams. Due to the high fertility rate, Asterias amurensis is one of the main culprits in devastating fishing grounds. Starfish are anywhere in the East Sea and South Sea. In recent years...