Four Canadian studies have suggested that receipt of seasonal influenza vaccine increased the risk of laboratory-confirmed infection with 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1). During the influenza season of 2009 in Victoria, Australia, this virus comprised 97% of all circulating influenza viruses for which sub-typing was available. We found no evidence that seasonal influenza vaccine increased the r...

Especially for drought periods, the higher the accuracy of reservoir inflow forecasting, the 9 more reliable the water supply from a dam. The article focuses on probabilistic forecasting of 10 seasonal inflow to reservoirs and determines estimates from the probabilistic seasonal inflow 11 according to drought forecast results. The probabilistic seasonal inflow was forecasted by a copula12 based...

The literature has been notably less definitive in distinguishing between finite sample studies of seasonal stationarity than in seasonal unit root tests. Although the use of seasonal stationarity and unit root tests is advised to determine correctly the most appropriate form of the trend in a seasonal time series, such a use is rarely noted in the relevant studies on this topic. Recently, the ...

background emergence of a novel swine-origin influenza a (h1n1) pandemic since 2009 attracted the attention of scientists to characterize epidemiological features and clinical manifestations of this disease in comparison to seasonal flu in different parts of the world. objectives the goal of this investigation was to compare these features in confirmed cases of swine-origin influenza a (h1n1) a...

marine environment of the caspian sea, due to extensive human exploitation and discharge of large magnitudes of urban, industrial and agricultural waste, is under extensive pressure and human wastes threaten marine life and ecosystem of the sea. therefore, there is a substantial need for a good understanding of physical and chemical characteristics of the caspian waters. however, the data avail...

Seasonal differences in suicide birth rates among Alaska Natives and for populations at different latitudes (residents of the Yukon, Saskatchewan, Montana, Wyoming, and Pennsylvania) were investigated. Seasonal birth rates for the general population were similarly examined. Suicide birth rates showed small seasonal variations for Alaska Natives with summer births showing more suicides. However,...

4 The seasonal cycle of the heating of the atmosphere is divided into a component due to direct 5 solar absorption in the atmosphere, and a component due to the flux of energy from the 6 surface to the atmosphere via latent, sensible, and radiative heat fluxes. Both observations 7 and coupled climate models are analyzed. The vast majority of the seasonal heating of the 8 Northern extratropics (...

conclusions because the intestinal parasitic infections are a health concern in areas with poor nutritional and socioeconomic status, intervention programs, including health education and environmental sanitation, are required. background intestinal parasitic infections are one of major health problems, especially in developing countries. several factors, such as geographical location and socio...

vehicle exhaust is a major source of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) found in the urban atmosphere. newsagents usually work close to heavy traffic flow. the purpose of this study was to assess the breathing zone exposure of newsagents to pahs found in the urban atmosphere of tehran city during summer and autumn seasons and comparing the levels of exposure in both seasons.fif...

the seasonal abundance patterns of the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, in cotton fields at gorgan in northern iran were studied during two growing seasons of 2002 and 2003. the spatial distribution of different developmental stages and morphs of the aphid was described by fitting data to poisson (random) and negative binomial (aggregated) dis-tributions, and calculating the dispersion indi...