During a 6-year study of 1-, 2-, and 3-year crop rotations, population densities of Pratylenchus brachyurus, Trichodorus christiei, and Meloidogyne incognita were significantly affected by the choice of crops but not by length of crop rotation. The density of P. brachyurus and T. christiei increased rapidly on milo (Sorghum vulgate). In addition, populations of P. brachyurus increased significa...

The yield of rainfed crops is commonly limited by the availability of soil water during the summer growing season. Channels produced by cover crop roots in fall/winter when soils are relatively moist may facilitate the penetration of compacted soils by subsequent crop roots in summer when soils are relatively dry and hard. Our objective was to determine the effects of fall cover crops on maize ...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of three levels of supplement on forage intake and animal performance of early weaned calves grazing rye-ryegrass pastures from January to May. Treatments were three levels of concentrate (1, 1.5, and 2% of body weight [BW]), and animals were 90-d-old Angus-crossbred early weaned calves. Calf ADG increased from 1.6 to 1.9 lb/d as supplement...

The adoption rate of winter cover crops (WCCs) as an effective conservation management practice to help reduce agricultural nutrient loads in the Chesapeake Bay (CB) is increasing. However, the WCC potential for water quality improvement has not been fully realized at the watershed scale. This study was conducted to evaluate the long-term impact of WCCs on hydrology and NO3-N loads in two adjac...

Stale seedbeds are used by organic growers to reduce weed populations prior to crop planting. Ryemulches, derived from mechanically killed (rolled and crimped) winter rye cover crops, can serve the same purpose for spring-planted organic crops. Both methods can also be employed by conventional growers who face looming problems with herbicide resistant weeds. The objective of this research was t...

Nuclei of hemlock (Tsuga canadensis and Tsuga canadensis var. nana) were investigated for the presence of flavanols. Histochemical staining with pdimethylaminocinnamaldehyde proved to be a highly valuable method yielding a bright blue flavanol coloration for nuclei. There was a significant variation in flavanol deposition (1) among nuclei, (2) at the subnuclear level and also (3) along the chro...

The allohexaploid Aegilops species (2n = 6x = 42), Ae. neglecta 6x (UUXtXtNN), Ae. juvenalis (DcDcXcXcUU), and Ae. vavilovii (DcDcXcXcSsSs) regularly form bivalents at metaphase I. However, in Ae. crassa 6x (DcDcXcXcDD) 0.27 quadrivalents per cell were observed probably as a consequence of the partial homology displayed by the D and Dc genomes. Likewise, the synthetic amphiploid Ae. ventricosa-...