Smallholder farmers in Northern Tanzania grow vegetables that include tomatoes, cabbages and onions and use many types of pesticides to control pests and diseases that attack these crops. Based on the use of questionnaires and interviews that were conducted in Arumeru, Monduli, Karatu and Moshi rural districts, this study investigates farmers’ practices, perceptions and related cost and health ...

Improving security of tenure over agricultural land has recently been the focus of a number of large land certification programs. While the main justification for these efforts was to increase productive investments and facilitate land rental transactions, we show that if access rights were tied to actual land use in the previous regime, these programs can also lead to increased outmigration fr...

Precision agriculture, using high-tech equipment and information science software, is not appropriate for the farmers of small parcels of land in the tropics. Our hypothesis, however, is that the concepts of precision agriculture and participatory action research have a similar philosophical basis and complement each other. We have adopted an approach of both empowering farmers and simplifying ...

This paper uses the introduction of barbed wire fences to the American Midwest in the late 19th century to estimate the effects of property rights on farmers’ production decisions. Farmers were both formally and informally required to build fences to secure exclusive land-use rights, yet preferred wooden fences had been prohibitively expensive in areas with little woodland. The introduction and...

The purpose of this paper is to understand the progress of water rights and irrigation pricing reform in Heihe River Basin (HRB) and their influence on irrigation application. The data came from a village and household level survey conducted in 2009 and 2014 in five counties in Zhangye City, HRB. The main component of reforming water rights was issuing water certificates to individual farmers. ...

Harm reduction approaches to drug control have almost exclusively focussed on consumers in northern countries. This article supports recent analysis that indicates that such policies also hold relevance for producer countries by drawing on recent policy innovations in Bolivia. When Evo Morales, the president of the national coca grower confederation, was elected the country's first indigenous p...

The purpose of this study is to explore what are the influencing factors on resettled farmer’s satisfaction and occupancy under the policy of the balance between urban construction land increasing and rural construction land decreasing in Xinjin County, Chengdu City. Questionnaires, statistical analysis and logistic regressions were employed. The results indicate that the higher educated farmer...

Background: The distribution of farmers’ increment income is the key to transfer land use rights. This research aims detect optimal payment mode for obtained by farmers in rights transfer. Methods: relied on case analysis, mathematical and numerical simulation. Results: According China’s existing modes rural collectively owned operating construction (RCOCL), we summarized these into three: name...

Land tenure security is important to agricultural development, especially in developing countries. Viet Nam’s land law has been significantly improved since its economic reform starting 1986, and made a great contribution the enhancement of farmers’ land-use rights. However, transition modern economy as emerging Nam, there remain challenges rights such limitation arable landholding ceiling, unn...

water markets are instrumental in efficient allocation and pricing of scarce water by enhancing allocative and price efficiency of water use. the prerequisites for water market formation are tradable water rights independent from ownership of the land, extensive water canals, water use associations, and adequate market regulations. mojen water market has been facilitating exchange of alternativ...