A highly integrated monolithic device was developed that automatically carries out a complex series of molecular processes on multiple samples. The device is capable of extracting and concentrating nucleic acids from milliliter aqueous samples and performing microliter chemical amplification, serial enzymatic reactions, metering, mixing and nucleic acid hybridization. The device, which is small...

The Venturi meter is a straightforward pipeline device used for the metering of gas and liquids. This article presents a brief summary of the creation and characterisation of the modern Venturi meter, including the historic development of public domain algorithms to derive two phase (gas and liquid) flow rates from differential pressure measurements. The use of Venturi meters in multiphase oil ...

Smart meter gateways are the core component of the advanced metering infrastructure in Germany, and provide a unified interface for metering data retrieval to third parties. Different standards and communication protocols exist for smart metering, ranging from transmission protocols to architectural recommendations. This work briefly presents the concept of the German BSI TR-03109 smart meterin...

The irregular shape, varying internal compositions, and uneven distributions of maize seeds can degrade the metering performance seeders. This study investigates effect on a high-filling-rate seed device using DEM. results show that population in box formed large small cycles transport due to disturbances caused by three wheels. increasing angular speed wheels reduced rate filling regions gravi...

external fluted feed rolls are commonly used in grain drills. the fluted feed roll meters a volume of seeds and does not singulate the seeds as do the precision planters; therefore, there will be inherent variation in the number of seeds delivered per unit of time. this research was conducted to investigate the effect of seed meter drive shaft and ground speeds and outlet positions in a grain d...

The main goals of smart metering are the reduction of costs, energy and CO2 by the provision of actual metering information to the providers and the customer. They allow for flexible possibilities to influence the customers’ energy consumption behavior and to adapt dynamically the power generation and distribution to the requested energy by smart grids. Metering devices are under control of gov...