Molecular technologies are currently evolving rapidly in agricultural and veterinary sciences. This results in an immense progress in the accumulation of new data potentially useful for molecular diagnostics in farm animal physiology, immunology, diseases and new breeding strategies. While we are still at the “very beginning” of understanding genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics in relation...

SUMMARY Q-Gene is an application for the processing of quantitative real-time RT-PCR data. It offers the user the possibility to freely choose between two principally different procedures to calculate normalized gene expressions as either means of Normalized Expressions or Mean Normalized Expressions. In this contribution it will be shown that the calculation of Mean Normalized Expressions has ...

The real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) uses fluorescent reporter molecules to monitor the production of amplification products during each cycle of the PCR reaction. This combines the nucleic acid amplification and detection steps into one homogeneous assay and obviates the need for gel electrophoresis to detect amplification products. Use of appropriate chemistr...

Background: Nano-particle Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) is a noncombustible, odorless powder that is widely used in different fields of industries. Previous reports showed that chronic exposure to TiO2 adversely impacts the testicular tissue and down-regulates the antioxidant capacity and down-regulates the endocrine status of the testicles. Present study was designed in order to identify the role of...

The epidemiology and pathogenesis of rotaviruses are not completely understood, although recent developments in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques now make it possible to quantify the viral load during an infective episode and investigate its relevance to clinical features of the disease. We studied rotavirus-positive stool samples collected from 10 children without symptoms of gastroen...