The effect of geometry on cell stiffness measured with micro-indentation techniques has been explored in single cells, however it is unclear if results on single cells can be readily transferred to indentation experiments performed on a tissue in vivo. Here we explored this question by using simulation models of osmotic treatments and micro-indentation experiments on 3D multicellular tissues wi...

Hydrangea macrophylla is popular for its unique physiological characteristics and changeable colors. Previous studies have shown that the pH of vacuoles sepal cells hydrangea affects color sepals. Located on vacuolar membrane, NHX1 an important H+ proton pump drives exchange metal ions. This environment by controlling accumulation in vacuole. In hydrangea, HmNHX1 gene has open reading frame 162...

The accumulation of pathogenesis-related proteins (PR) in tobacco leaves has been casually related to pathogen and specific physiological stresses. The known enzymatic function of some of these proteins is potentially antimicrobial. By using antibodies specific to three classes of pathogenesis-related proteins, we examined tobacco plants during their normal growth. The pathogenesis-related prot...

The use of fuzzy logic to describe abstract concepts and when designing decision making systems to make decisions that are much closer to the way a human does is an interesting and useful area to explore. To effectively implement these types of systems expert knowledge is required in the application area. This can be a problem if the people designing a system of this nature are not experts in t...

The mechanism through which Hydrangea macrophylla are able to change color has been the focus of investigation for many studies. However, molecular involved in complexation aluminum ions and anthocyanins regulate remains unclear. Here, color-changing was investigated plants under stress using proteome transcriptome sequencing methods. Catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, 3-O-delphinidin ...

dom’ reached anthesis most rapidly, while plants of ‘Mathilde Gütges’ and ‘Merritt’s Supreme’ were the slowest to f-lower. Table 2 represents days to anthesis and not days to salable color. In general, plants were salable, based on sepal color, ≈10 days before anthesis, so subtracting 10 days from data in Table 2 gives forcing times (from start to sale) for these cultivars when a 62F (17C) mini...