BACKGROUND Estimation of the number of people in need of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-limited settings requires information on the time from seroconversion to ART eligibility and from ART eligibility to death. OBJECTIVES To estimate duration from seroconversion to different ART eligibility criteria and from ART eligibility to death in HIV-infected adults in low-income and middle-i...

OBJECTIVES To assess HCV viremia levels just before, during and one year after anti-HCV seroconversion in people who inject drugs (PWID). METHODS PWID enrolling into a needle exchange program in Malmö, Sweden, 1997-2005 constituted the source population. Sera were obtained at enrolment and at approximately 3-4 monthly intervals afterwards, and were initially tested for anti-HIV, HBsAg/anti-HB...

BACKGROUND Hemodialysis (HD) patients have multiple causes of immune dysfunction and poor immune response to influenza vaccination. We investigated the antibody response rate to a pandemic H1N1/2009 influenza vaccination and clinical parameters influencing the induction of antibody responses in HD patients. METHODS A total of 114 HD patients were vaccinated with a monovalent adjuvanted H1N1 i...

In 1993, Heimer, Kaplan, and associates (1) showed a reduction in the proportion of human immunodeficiency virus (HTV)-infected syringes among those returned to the New Haven, Connecticut, needle exchange in the months following the opening of the program. This reduction suggested a decrease in the circulation time of used needles among injectors who use the exchange, and this decrease can in t...

BACKGROUND Serologic response to influenza vaccination declines with age. Few other host factors are known to be associated with serologic response. Our objective was to determine whether obesity and vulnerability independently predicted serologic response to influenza vaccination. METHODS Adults ≥ 50 years were recruited during the 2008-2009 influenza season. Subjects provided pre- and post-...

Abstract Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine seroprotection rates with conventional aluminum adjuvanted recombinant HBV vaccines (HepB-alum) among people HIV (PWH) are varied. HepB-CpG, a novel vaccine, has shown higher in immunocompetent patients but is not well studied PWH. There no published studies comparing between HepB-alum and HepB-CpG The purpose of this study was to evaluate com...

1. The response rate to recombinant hepatitis B vaccine was suboptimal (70.1%) in the peritoneal dialysis population. 2. We investigated whether a three-dose regimen of extrahigh dose (80 μg) of Engerix-B would achieve a higher rate of primary seroconversion and more persistent seroprotection in peritoneal dialysis patients, compared with the conventional 40-μg dose. 3. The rates of seroconvers...

The Seroconversion Narratives for AIDS Prevention (SNAP) study elicited narratives from recently infected seropositive gay and bisexual men that described the circumstances of their own seroconversion. This analysis of the narratives explored participants' attributions of responsibility for HIV prevention before and after they became infected. Before becoming infected with HIV, responsibility f...