A comparison between several immobilization materials of AChE on surface of glassy carbon electrode(GCE) was presented. The immobilization methods employed crosslinking method with glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking agent and bovine serum albumin(BSA) as a protectant, AChE was immobilized on different membranes including nylon membrane, cellulose nitrate membrane and chitosan membrane respective...

Methods and materials: In this study 21 male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-250 g were randomly divided into two groups: social and isolation. After 14 days of isolation and sociality rats were examined for salt solution consumption, sucrose intake, and novelty seeking behavior. Then rats were anesthetized and sacrificed for assessing oxidative stress (OS) indices for glutathione and nitrite/...

In vivo recycling of nitrate (NO(3)(-)) and nitrite (NO(2)(-)) is an important alternative pathway for the generation of nitric oxide (NO) and maintenance of systemic nitrate-nitrite-NO balance. More than 25% of the circulating NO(3)(-) is actively removed and secreted by salivary glands. Oral commensal bacteria convert salivary NO(3)(-) to NO(2)(-), which enters circulation and leads to NO gen...

Cucurbita pepo L. plants were grown in plastic pots with 2 kg washed sand per pot at three levels of potassium and sodium nitrate supplies to investigate the effects of nitrate supply on nitrate reductase activity and nitrate reductase expression in the leaves of the plants. Results demonstrated that starvation leads to decrease nitrate reductase activity and nitrate reductase expression. Suppl...

OBJECTIVES Our objective was to determine if long-term daily administration of phytonutrient supplements can prevent the immediate adverse impact of a high-fat meal and increase the production of nitric oxide. BACKGROUND Ingestion of a high-fat meal impairs flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery for at least 4 h; however, co-ingestion of vitamin antioxidants or a green salad has be...

background: postoperative cognitive dysfunction (pocd) has been an important complication of cardiac surgery over the years. neurocognitive dysfunction can affect quality of life and lead to social, functional, emotional, and financial problems in the patient’s life. to reduce pocd, we sought to identify the association between cognitive dysfunction and perioperative factors in patients undergo...

objective(s):to know whether scurrula atropurpurea is able to modulate total plasma nitrate/nitrite levels, decrease endothelial damage, and increase endothelial progenitor cells (epcs) in hypertensive rats. materials and methods: the rats were divided in 5 groups: control (normotensive) group, desoxy cortico sterone (doca)-salt hypertensive group, and three doca-salt hypertensive groups. all 5...

BACKGROUND NADPH oxidase is believed to modulate arterial tone, but its role in humans is still unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether NADPH oxidase is involved in flow-mediated arterial dilation (FMD). METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-five patients with hereditary deficiency of gp91(phox), the catalytic core of NADPH oxidase, (X-CGD), 25 healthy subjects, and 25 obese patient...

Nitric oxide (NO) is a vasodilator factor, and it has been known as a biomarker for endothelial function in health and disease. The variation of this biomarker also has been subject of research in exercise training field in animal model and human subjects. Although some documented data reveal that exercise increase the level of NO or NO synthase, however it is reported that NO dietary supplemen...

Evaluation of airway inflammation is important in achieving adequate dosing of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) for treating bronchial asthma. However, there is no evaluation tool that can be used in clinical settings. We examined biomarkers that can precisely reflect airway inflammation when ICS are decreased in stable asthmatic patients. This was a 12-week, single-arm, open-label clinical study ...