BACKGROUND Optimal therapeutic efficacy of beta-lactam antibiotics for treatment of pneumococcal pneumonia is thought to be associated with the serum concentration greater than the minimum inhibitory concentration for 40-50% of the interdose interval at site of infection. OBJECTIVE Establish whether intravenous administration of ampicillin 400 mg/kg/day or penicillin 200,000 IU/kg/day in 6 di...

High-level penicillin resistance has been associated with treatment failure in patients with Streptococcus pneumoniae infections. To identify a subgroup of patients at low risk for high-level penicillin-nonsusceptible S. pneumoniae bacteremia, a cross-sectional study of 303 patients was performed. For the total study population, penicillin resistance was observed in 98 (32%) of 303 patients; hi...

The gradual decrease in susceptibility of the gonococcus to penicillin has led authorities to recommend ever larger doses for the therapy of gonorrhoea. The current recommendation of the U.S. Public Health Service for the treatment of infections in women is the administration of 4-8 m.u. aqueous procaine penicillin; one half that amount is advised for cases in men. In seeking alternative antibi...

A series of step-level penicillin-resistant derivatives of Streptococcus sanguis V288 (Challis) were obtained through successive genetic transformations. The DNA donor used was a laboratoryderived, penicillin-resistant multistep mutant of the recipient strain. Detection of the penicillinbinding proteins (PBPs) of wild-type and transformants revealed five major PBPs. While it was found that S. s...

Liposomes do not stimulate a primary or secondary immune response against entrapped penicillin in mice. Correspondence to: Dr. P. de Haan, Department of Dermatology of the Academic Hospital, Free University of Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, NL–1007 MB Amsterdam (The Netherlands) Several recent communications deal with the administration of liposome-entrapped antibiotics such as streptomycin [1],...

Two hundred microbiology laboratories in the UK took part in two separate experimental external quality assessment distributions related to the serum bactericidal test (SBT). In the first, Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 6571 (vancomycin MIC 1 mg/L), was tested against a human serum containing vancomycin 38 mg/L plus gentamicin 0.5 mg/L. In the second, Streptococcus oralis PAJ 112/4183 (penicillin M...

the effect of 10 and 25 kgy ?-irradiation on penicillin g plus procaine and sodium ampicillin has been assessed by different chemical and microbiological analytical methods. according to the chemical results obtained, the antibiotics showed a slight reduction in doses applied but the microbiological assays revealed that the activity of irradiated antibiotics did not reduce. microbiological stud...

Streptococcus pneumoniae resistance to penicillin and erythromycin in relation to beta-lactam and macrolide consumption in Spain over 19 years (1979-1997) was studied from resistance data collected by a search of the literature. Antibiotic consumption was expressed in defined daily dosage (DDD)/1000 inhabitants/day. A significant relationship (P: < 0.001) between erythromycin resistance (MIC >/...

As a rule, the effect of different vehicles on the activity of penicillin has been studied by the determination of the penicillin concentration in plasma and serum. From these data, the necessary deductions as to the clinical usefulness and methods of administration were made. Even if vehicles other than water and saline were used in experimental investigations2 6 no comparison was made with th...