In 2004, the Trojan horse defense was at a crossroads, having been successfully employed in two child pornography cases in the United Kingdom, resulting in acquittals. Despite the early successes, the Trojan horse defense has failed to become a regularly employed strategy. The original Trojan horse defense has now become part of the more general technical SODDI (Some Other Dude Did It) defense,...

BACKGROUND Provision of shelter for horses kept on summer pasture is rarely considered in welfare guidelines, perhaps because the benefits of shelter in warm conditions are poorly documented scientifically. For cattle, shade is a valued resource during summer and can mitigate the adverse effects of warm weather on well-being and performance. We found in a previous study that horses utilized she...

Abstract Defense ministries regularly frame climate security in their national strategies. Recently, “civil” also begun mentioning security. However, they do not mean the same thing. This article develops four indicators to assess commitment of framings an understanding as either human/environmental or issue. It applies fifty submissions Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) by civil and se...

1MSc, PhD Student in Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA) and Fundação de Medicina Tropical do Amazonas (FMTAM); Professor, UEA, Brazil 2PhD, Professor, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Center of Infectious Diseases, Brazil 3PhD; Health Surveillance Superintendence, City Secretary of Health and Office of Civil Defense of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil 4PhD; ...

The opening up to foreign legal systems had a strong impact on the 19th century in North America. Pierre-Basile Mignault, Canadian, and Edward Livingston, American, were both active travelers particularly curious about French Anglo-Saxon traditions. through his participation drafting of Louisiana Civil Code criminal law project, became paragon method, civil codification model adapted common tra...

Neolamprologus pulcher is a cooperatively breeding cichlid fish, in which helpers stay in their natal territory and help with brood care, territory defense, and maintenance. In this study we investigated helper effects by an experimental group size reduction in the field. After this manipulation, focal helpers in reduced groups tended to feed less, and small helpers visited the breeding shelter...

This study examined incarceration histories and shelter use patterns of 7,022 persons staying in public shelters in New York City. Through matching administrative shelter records with data on releases from New York State prisons and New York City jails, 23.1% of a point-prevalent shelter population was identified as having had an incarceration within the previous two-year period. Persons enteri...