We have developed an optical method for single-shot spatially resolved shock-wave peak-pressure measurements. A schlieren technique and streak photography were used to follow the propagation of the shock wave. The shock position r as a function of time was extracted from the streak images by digital image-processing techniques. The resulting r(t) curves were differentiated with respect to time ...

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of shock-induced deformations in diamond were performed using a reactive bond order (REBO) potential. A splitting of shock wave structure into elastic and crystal deformation fronts was observed in the [110] and [111] crystallographic directions above piston velocity thresholds of up ≈ 1.8 and 2.5 km/s, respectively. The crystal lattice response in a split tw...

The evolution of the ground-state hydrogen atom velocity distribution function throughout the stationary shock wave of a supersonic hydrogen plasma jet (3<Mach number<4) is studied using laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. The H atom velocity distribution function may be decomposed into two Maxwellian distributions. The fast component of the distribution corresponds to the unhampered super...

Shock wave therapy can induce a period of cutaneous analgesia after treatment. Shock wave therapy does not induce microfractures nor does it have an effect on the modulus of elasticity of bone.

[Purpose] This study aimed to determine the effectiveness and mechanisms of extracorporeal shock wave therapy in the treatment of femoral head osteonecrosis. [Subjects and Methods] Histomorphometric analysis of necrotic femoral head in rabbits treated with shock waves was performed. Bilateral osteonecrosis of femoral heads was induced with methylprednisolone and lipopolysaccharide in eight rabb...

In this work, a simple semi-empirical model is proposed, based on Response Surface Model, RSM, to determine the shape of an attached oblique shock wave emanating from a pointed axisymmetric nose at zero angle of attack. Extensive supersonic visualization images have been compiled from various nose shapes at different Mach numbers, along with some others performed by the author for the present p...

The effect of extracorporeal shock waves on hemoglobin release from red blood cells was recently found to be minimized under minute static excess pressure. It was proposed that this can be explained by shock wave-gas bubble interaction. We substantiated this further by two experiments by applying shock waves to suspended human RBC in a lithotripter at a lower frequency (1 pulse every 5 s) and b...

Capillary electrophoresis techniques often involve ion-concentration shock waves in an electrolyte solution, propagating under the effect of an external electric field. These shock waves are characterized by self-sharpening gradients in ion concentrations and electrical conductivity that are collinear with the electric field. The coupling of electric field and fluid motion at the shock interfac...

Using a shock tube to generate shock waves, the wave patterns through several bifurcated junctions were studied. The effect of roughness was simulated by introducing grooves on the lower wall of the junctions, while the upper wall had a smooth surface. Five different bifurcation angles were used in the present study: 0, 30, 45, 60, and 90 degrees. The shock tube driver pressure was P4 = 12 bar,...

Onday92:109, at about 5.4AUand9◦ south,Ulysses detected a strong quasi-parallel shock wave leading an interaction region.Wedescribe this singular event ondifferent temporal scales, placing emphasis on themagnetic field observations. The solar wind preceding the shock presented very unusual longlived conditions: for about one day the interplanetary magnetic field was closely radially oriented an...