Plant immune responses to pathogens are often associated with enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), known as the oxidative burst, and with rapid hypersensitive host cell death (the hypersensitive response, HR) at sites of attempted infection. It is generally accepted that the oxidative burst acts as a promotive signal for HR, and that HR is highly correlated with efficient disea...

A major challenge in computational neurobiology is to understand how populations of noisy, broadly-tuned neurons produce accurate goal-directed actions such as saccades. Saccades are high-velocity eye movements that have stereotyped, nonlinear kinematics; their duration increases with amplitude, while peak eye-velocity saturates for large saccades. Recent theories suggest that these characteris...

Cooperation among plasma membrane receptors in activating signal transduction cascades is not well understood. For almost 20 years, it has been clear that when a particulate foreign body is opsonized with complement as well as IgG, the efficiency of IgG effector functions is markedly enhanced. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in cooperation between IgG Fc receptors and complement rece...

In this paper, we consider M-ary phase shifting keying (MPSK) and M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (MQAM) data symbol burst transmission for adaptive decode-andforward (ADF) relay systems over quasi-static Rayleigh fading channels. A burst has pilot symbols and data symbols. From pilot symbols, we can estimate the channel gain and detect each relay node’s transmission mode for ADF schemes....

We show that when a moving object suddenly reverses direction, there is a brief, synchronous burst of firing within a population of retinal ganglion cells. This burst can be driven by either the leading or trailing edge of the object. The latency is constant for movement at different speeds, objects of different size, and bright versus dark contrasts. The same ganglion cells that signal a motio...

A highly coherent 523.92± 0.05 Hz periodic X-ray signal has been observed during a type I X-ray burst from the low-mass X-ray binary system KS 1731-260 with the PCA on RXTE. The spectral evolution of the burst indicates photospheric-radius expansion and contraction. The 524 Hz signal occurred at the end of the contraction phase, lasted for ∼2 s, was highly coherent (Q ∼> 900), and had a pulse f...

The integration of a new generation of all-optical wavelength converters within European project ISTMUFINS has enabled the development of compact and multi-functional photonic processing systems. Here we present the realization of demanding functionalities required in high-capacity photonic routers using these highly integrated components including: Clock recovery, data/label recovery, waveleng...

Hypotheses of the parameters wobbling law probing signal are analyzed, including number subbursts, pulses in a subburst, and following period. The repetition periods recalculated to clock intervals with preservation mutual relations. A verification burst radiation condition during observation time is given. hypothesis optimal chosen. correlation reflected fluctuation calculated method for estim...

Random Telegraph Signal (RTS) behavior is reported in the dark count rate of Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs). To the best of our knowledge this is the first time such phenomenon is reported. The RTS characteristics are evaluated experimentally and verified theoretically with respect to bias and temperature.

We calculate call and burst blocking probabilities (CBP and BBP respectively) in a single link loss system accommodating service-classes of ONOFF traffic calls, either of high or low bandwidth requirements. To benefit high speed calls the bandwidth reservation (BR) policy is considered (ON-OFF/BR model). Poisson arriving calls enter the system via state ON and may alternate between states ON an...