The third-generation universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) uses direct-sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) to transmit data. DS-CDMA is well suited to transmit data over the multipath fading channel. The high signal bandwidth for the WCDMA system (5 MHz) allows the received signal to be split into distinct multipaths with high resolution. For the first generation of UMT...

The performance of many electronic systems is often limited by the performance of the clocks they use. For example, a receiver in the Global Positioning System (GPS) works by attempting to align an internally generated pseudorandom signal to an identical signal sent by a satellite and measuring the phase difference between the two. The receiver then calculates the time required for the satellit...

iran is located in a roughly triangular deforming region, consisting of relatively undeformed shield areas to the southwest (arabia) and northeast and the more recently deformed, though currently inactive, southwest afghanistan block in the east. the current geological and tectonic setting of iran is due to the ongoing convergence between the arabian and eurasian plates, which resulted in the f...

Rydberg atom can respond to weak microwave electric field signal in real-time by using its electromagnetically induced transparency effect realize down conversion of space signal, which be used as a superheterodyne receiver. The receiver is new receiving system composed atoms, photodetectors, and electronic information processing modules. Presently, the physical response mechanism atomic techno...

In many applications, ultra-wide band (UWB) system experiences impulse noise due to surrounding physical noise sources. Therefore, a conventional receiver (correlator or matched filter) designed for additive Gaussian noise system is not optimum for an impulse noise affected communication channel. In this paper, we propose a new robust receiver design that utilizes the received UWB signal cluste...

The task of the radio receiver has always been to “get the signal.” However, with the proliferation of high-powered transmitters and the burgeoning growth of electronic noise pollution, often weak-signal reception is difficult, if not impossible. Receiver dynamic range is the measure of a receiver’s ability to handle a range of signal strengths, from the weakest to the strongest. Because of the...

Abstract Using nonlinear chaotic systems for secure communication is an application field presented in recent published research. This paper aims at improving the security of signal transmission using encryption. The proposed approach uses a combined analogue and discrete-time structure, both emitter synchronizing receiver. prototype system used similar to Lorenz oscillator. Our study presents ...