This study investigated the appropriate tourniquet pressure (TP) and duration of tourniquet application for venipuncture by calculating the venous cross-section (VCS) area on ultrasonography. Twenty healthy volunteers without cardiovascular risk factors were enrolled in this study. A target vein (either a cephalic or median cubital vein) was selected on ultrasonography. The pneumatic tourniquet...

To the Editor:—In their article, Kato et al. report about intraoperative transesophageal echocardiographic findings in 46 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty, randomly assigned with or without a tourniquet around the thigh. The authors looked for abnormal echogenic findings in the right atrium during the tourniquet inflation phase, and they sought to identify the nature and compositi...

Purpose. Tourniquet-induced nerve injuries have been reported in the literature, but even if electromyography abnormalities in knee surgery are frequent, only two cases of permanent femoral nerve palsies have been reported, both after prolonged tourniquet time. We report a case of tourniquet-related permanent femoral nerve palsy after knee surgery. Case Report. We report a case of a 58-year-old...

BACKGROUND Hemorrhage remains the main cause of preventable death on the modern battlefield. As Improvised Explosive Devices in Afghanistan become increasingly powerful, more proximal limb injuries occur. Significant concerns now exist about the ability of the windlass tourniquet to control distal hemorrhage after mid-thigh application. To evaluate the efficacy of the Combat Application Tourniq...

To the Editor:—In their article, Kato et al. report about intraoperative transesophageal echocardiographic findings in 46 patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty, randomly assigned with or without a tourniquet around the thigh. The authors looked for abnormal echogenic findings in the right atrium during the tourniquet inflation phase, and they sought to identify the nature and compositi...

BACKGROUND Tourniquet use in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery is applied to minimize blood loss thereby creating better overview of the surgical field. This induces ischemia in the skeletal muscle resulting in reperfusion injury. Our aim was to investigate the in vivo metabolic changes in the skeletal muscle during TKA surgery using microdialysis (MD). METHODS Seventy patients were rando...

In surgical practice, hemostasis is used to minimize postoperative bleeding in total knee arthroplasty. We performed a prospective randomized study to determine the influence of tourniquet use and the timing of its release on amount of bleeding. Eighty four patients (96 knees) were scheduled for total knee arthroplasty and randomly divided into three groups. Posterior cruciate retaining bicompa...

AIMS To study the pharmacokinetics of articaine and its metabolite articainic acid, in patients undergoing intravenous regional anaesthesia. METHODS Ten patients (three male, seven female, ASA class 1-2), scheduled for surgery of the hand or forearm were included in the study. Articaine (40 ml, 0.5% solution (200 mg) was injected over 30 s. In total fifteen arterial blood samples were taken; ...

Tourniquets are an effective means of arresting life-threatening external haemorrhage from limb injury. Their use has not previously been accepted practice for pre-hospital civilian trauma care because of significant concerns regarding the potential complications. However, in a few rare situations tourniquet application will be necessary and life-saving. This review explores the potential probl...