introduction: we did this study because there were a few studies about aorto-branch junction. methods: four light microscope and electron microscope study, the abdominal aorta, renal artery, and the adjoining right and left renal arteries were dissected out from 4 neonate dogs. results: based on the results, there is only one cell type in the tunica intima of endothelium in both arteries. in ab...

objective(s): thyroid hormones play an essential role in fetal growth and maternal hypo-thyroidism which leads to cardiovascular deficiency in their offspring.  considering this, we intended to investigate the impact of gestational hypothyroidism on offspring vascular contractibility and possible underlying mechanisms. materials and methods: hypothyroidism was induced in female rats by administ...

saffron, crocus sativus l. (c. sativus) is rich in carotenoids and used in traditional medicine for treatment of various conditions such as coughs, stomach disorders, amenorrhea, asthma and cardiovascular disorders. these therapeutic effects of the plant are suggested to be due to its relaxant effect on smooth muscles. the effect of c. sativus and its constituents on different smooth muscles an...

We investigate the single-photon blockade (1PB) in quasichiral regime of atom-photon interaction that mediates via dissipative environment, where effective is asymmetrical but achiral. The synthetic magnetic current closed-loop coupling breaks down reciprocity interaction, resulting an and even completely unidirectional between two selected quantum states. As example, we couple single-atom cavi...