In this paper we propose a revisitation of the topic of unique decodability and of some of the related fundamental theorems. It is widely believed that, for any discrete source X, every “uniquely decodable” block code satisfies E[l(X1, X2, · · · , Xn)] ≥ H(X1, X2, . . . , Xn), where X1, X2, . . . , Xn are the first n symbols of the source, E[l(X1, X2, · · · , Xn)] is the expected length of the ...

High quality software documentation is a substantial issue to understand software systems. Shorter time-to-market software cycles increase the importance of automatism to keep the documentation up to date. In this paper, we describe the automatic support of the software documentation process using a social semantic software approach. Therefore, we introduce a software documentation ontology as ...

Implementing social concepts such as roles, norms and culture in agent-based models is complicated, especially if the modeller is not an experienced programmer. In this paper we present a web-based application that guides the modeller in defining social concepts in a way that would be feasible to code in an agent-based model. We illustrate the functioning of the software through a case study ma...

An algorithm is given for finding the minimum weight extension of a prefix code. The algorithm runs in 0(n3), where n is the number of codewords to be added, and works for arbitrary alphabets. For binary alphabets the running time is reduced to O(n*), by using the fact that a certain cost matrix satisfies the quadrangle inequality. The quadrangle inequality is shown not to hold for alphabets of...

Language identification of social media text still remains a challenging task due to properties like code-mixing and inconsistent phonetic transliterations. In this paper, we present a supervised learning approach for language identification at the word level of low resource BengaliEnglish code-mixed data taken from social media. We employ two methods of word encoding, namely character based an...

Foodborne illness is prevented by inspection and surveillance conducted by health departments across America. Appropriate restaurant behavior is enforced and monitored via public health inspections. However, surveillance coverage provided by state and local health departments is insufficient in preventing the rising number of foodborne illness outbreaks. To address this need for improved survei...

Language identification at the document level has been considered an almost solved problem in some application areas, but language detectors fail in the social media context due to phenomena such as utterance internal code-switching, lexical borrowings, and phonetic typing; all implying that language identification in social media has to be carried out at the word level. The paper reports a stu...

The extant literature on cross-national differences in approaches to corporate social responsibility (CSR) has mostly focused on developed countries. Instead, we offer two interrelated studies into corporate codes of conduct issued by developing country multinational enterprises (DMNEs). First, we analyse code adoption rates and code content through a mixed methods design. Second, we use multil...

‎‎a natural generalization of two dimensional cyclic code ($t{tdc}$) is two dimensional skew cyclic code‎. ‎it is well-known that there is a correspondence between two dimensional skew cyclic codes and left ideals of the quotient ring $r_n:=f[x,y;rho,theta]/_l$‎. ‎in this paper we characterize the left ideals of the ring $r_n$ with two methods and find the generator matrix for two dimensional s...