OBJECTIVES Social determinants of health include social and demographic factors such as poverty, education status, race and ethnicity, gender, insurance status, and other factors that influence (1) development of illness, (2) ability to obtain and utilize healthcare, and (3) health and healthcare outcomes. In otolaryngology, as in other subspecialty surgical fields, we are constantly confronted...

INTRODUCTION: Social health insurance (SHI) is a risk-sharing method-based care financing and administration. SHI combines the contributions of people, households, businesses, government with people's hazards. As result, it shields people from financial physical hardship generally equitable way to pay for medical care. This study aims assess status social in Nepal. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The re...

OBJECTIVE This article considers how the social psychology of intergroup processes helps to explain the presence and persistence of health disparities between members of socially advantaged and disadvantaged groups. METHOD Social psychological theory and research on intergroup relations, including prejudice, discrimination, stereotyping, stigma, prejudice concerns, social identity threat, and...

AIM To explore the association(s) between demographic factors, socioeconomic status (SES), social capital, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and mental health among residents of Tehran, Iran. METHODS The pooled data (n=31519) were extracted from a population-based survey Urban Health Equity Assessment and Response Tool-2 (Urban HEART-2) conducted in Tehran in 2011. Mental health, social...

introduction: psychological and social health is the main problems of workers population, which can increase productivity at work and physical and mental health and provide or decline in these aspects. materials and methods: this study was descriptive and crosses - sectional and has been performed on 388 iranian central iron ore company workers. the tool of study was standard ghq-28 question ar...

This paper examines how age at immigration influences the association between adult subjective social status and mental health outcomes. The age when people immigrate shapes the capacity and efficiency at which they learn and use a new language, the opportunities to meet and socialize with a wide range of people, and respond to healthy or stressful environments. We hypothesize that adult subjec...

Disability carries negative social meaning, and little is known about when (or if), in the process of health decline, persons identify themselves as "disabled." We examine the social and health criteria that older adults use to subjectively rate their own disability status. Using a panel study of older adults (ages 72+), we estimate ordered probit and growth curve models of perceived disability...