BACKGROUND Migraine is one of the most debilitating medical conditions and has a high socioeconomic burden. As conventional therapeutic methods do not entirely alleviate the symptoms, new alternatives are being considered. OBJECTIVES This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of zonisamide compared with sodium valproate in the management of migraine headaches. PATIENTS AND METHODS In the ...

Introduction: The mechanisms underlying the vulnerability of the brain to seizures remains unknown. Calcium ions influx and oxidative stress have been implicated in a variety of acute and chronic epileptogenic conditions. The present study was aimed at investigating the effects of nimodipine and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) alone and in combination on pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) - induced seizures ...

Introduction: Intoxication with Sodium valproate (SVP) is a growing concern owing to its increased use and availability. SVP intoxication may result in cerebral, cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and hematological complications. However, SVP use does not seem to be associated with significant cardiovascular effects and electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities. Thus, we aimed to des...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A variant in the histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) gene is associated with large artery stroke. Therefore, inhibiting HDAC9 might offer a novel secondary preventative treatment for ischemic stroke. The antiepileptic drug sodium valproate (SVA) is a nonspecific inhibitor of HDAC9. We tested whether SVA therapy given after ischemic stroke was associated with reduced recurrent s...

objective: to investigate possible immunological humoral correlates in newly diagnosed adult-onset generalized tonic-clonic epilepsy among iranian patients before and after sodium valproate treatment.   patients and methods: 72 adult patients with newly diagnosed idiopathic generalized tonic-clonic epilepsy were recruited. serum antinuclear antibodies (ana), anti-cardiolipin antibodies (acl), a...

Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a congenital macrocytic anemia characterized by severely reduced erythroid precursors with normal megakaryocytic and granulocytic differentiation.1 There is also reticulocytopenia and increased red blood cell (RBC) fetal hemoglobin (HbF).1 About 25% of patients harbor a mutation on chromosome 19 that involves the gene encoding ribosomal protein S19.1 Many patien...

We investigated the changes in hippocampal kynurenic acid (KYNA) concentrations and the amino acids involved in neuronal activity regulation following valproate (VPA) administration (400 mg/kg ip) in pentylenetetrazole-kindled rats (in vivo). We found a remarkably long-lasting increase in KYNA levels following VPA administration, and this effect correlated with a rise in GABA levels. No changes...

Problem statement: Some reports showed the teratogenic effects of sodium valproate can be prevented by application of antioxidant drugs and stimulation of the maternal immune system. Therefore, in this study, the prophylactic effect of melatonin on teratogenic effects of sodium valproate was compared. Approach: This study was performed on 31 pregnant rats that were divided into five groups. Con...