background: the incidence of dentinal defects may infl uence the outcome of root canal treatment. the aims of this study were to evaluate and compare the incidence of dentinal defects following root canal obturation with two different techniques. materials and methods: a total of 110 mesial roots of human mandibular fi rst molars were selected. twenty-seven roots were left unprepared as negativ...

Silicon (Si) application is known to enhance plant resistance diverse pathogens. Therefore, a greenhouse study was conducted determine whether Si reduces red crown rot (RCR) of soybean caused by the soil-borne fungal pathogen Calonectria ilicicola. The cultivar Enrei grown in soil mixed with different concentrations sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and inoculated C. ilicicola (1% w/v). significantly r...

:‘)ii$ Machine piling of slash and brush after harvest is commonly practiced when establishing new conifer plantations. However, it can result in increased soil bulk density, decreased soil macroporosity, and increased soil strength, thus reducing conifer root development and above-ground growth (Froehlich 1979, Sands and Bowen 1978). Because natural recovery of soil from compaction is slow, wa...

The ASAE standardized tool to detect the depth and strength of compaction layers in the field is the cone penetrometer. Since this method is point-to-point, researchers have experimented with on-the-fly alternatives that can be used as, or in combination with, a standard tillage tool. On-the-fly compaction layer sensing also enables adaptive tillage, where the soil is only tilled as deep as nec...

an ability of the fluorescent pseudomonad bacteria is to secrete such secondary metabolites as hydrogen cyanide, protease, salicylic acid as well as siderophore which prevent the growth of soil-habitant pathogens. tests were done for evaluating the materials produced by the said bacteria. in the tests' cultures, p. aeruginosa strains 7nsk2, utpf92, and utpf86 produced the most hydrogen cya...

forest harvesting operations for extracting of forest products in these trails, causing extensive damage in a wide range of soil and its productivity every year, therefore it is necessary to research about degradation of soil properties should be down. the aim of this study was investigate changes in the skid trails soil physical characteristics due to wheeled cable skidder traffic by measuring...

Beneficial microorganisms are increasingly used in agriculture, but their efficacy often fails due to limited knowledge of their interactions with plants and other microorganisms present in rhizosphere. We studied spatio-temporal colonization dynamics of lettuce roots and rhizosphere by genetically modified Streptomyces spp. Five Streptomyces strains, strongly inhibiting in vitro the major soil...

The root zone physical condition influences root development and function, which affects turfgrass growth, quality and performance. The temporal variability of root zone properties was investigated in a factorial experiment combining sand layering compaction and moisture stress on the performance of Savannahgrass (SG) (Axonopus compressus), Bermudagrass (BG) (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) (cv. T...