the aim of this paper is to introduce the concepts of fuzzy upper and fuzzy lower almost continuous, weakly continuous and almost weakly continuous multifunctions. several characterizations and properties of these multifunctions along with their mutual relationships are established in $l$-fuzzy topological spaces

In semisupervised fuzzy clustering, this article extends the traditional pairwise constraint (i.e., must-link or cannot-link) to constraint. The allows a supervisor provide grade of similarity dissimilarity between implicit vectors pair samples. This can represent more complicated relationship samples and avoid eliminating characteristics. Then, we propose clustering with constraints (SSFPC). n...

Using the idea of ic-open sets, we introduce and investigate topological qualities an ic-closure, ic-interior, ic-limit points, ic-derived, ic-border, ic-frontier, ic-exterior a set. Introduce concepts "ic-continuous mappings," "ic-open "ic-irresolute "ic-totally continuous "ic-homeomorphism," then look into some properties these mappings

In this paper, the concept of pairwise fuzzy globally disconnected spaces is introduced and studied. The condition under which pairwise fuzzy globally disconnected spaces become pairwise fuzzy -Baire spaces, is established. Several characterizations of pairwise fuzzy globally disconnected spaces, are obtained.

In this present paper, by utilizing ij−δ semi open sets, we introduce ij−∧δ, ij−∨δ, g− ij−∧δ, g− ij−∨δ sets and investigate some of their properties in bitopological spaces. Also, we present and study the notions of ij − T∨sδ space, ij−∧δ continuous, ij−∧δ irresolute, ij−∧δ open and ij−∧δ homeomorphism functions.

In this paper we consider new weak and strong forms of γ-irresoluteness and γ-closure via the concept of gγ-closed sets which we call ap-γ-irresolute, ap-γ-closed and contra-γ-irresolute maps. Moreover, we use ap-γ-irresolute and ap-γ-closed maps to obtain a characterization of γ − T 1 2 -spaces.

martindale proved that under some conditions every multiplicative isomorphism between two rings is additive. in this paper, we extend this theorem to a larger class of mappings and conclude that every multiplicative $(alpha, beta)-$derivation is additive.