Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method (DLLME) combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) was used to determine thiamine (B1), nicotinamide (B3) and pyridoxine (B6) in sour cherry juice. This method was rapid, simple and sensitive. Separation was accomplished using a C18 column. The optimum chromatographic conditions were found to be: mobile ph...

Although putatively taste has been associated with obesity as one of the factors governing food intake, previous studies have failed to find a consistent link between taste perception and Body Mass Index (BMI). A comprehensive comparison of both thresholds and hedonics for four basic taste modalities (sweet, salty, sour, and bitter) has only been carried out with a very small sample size in adu...

The transition from self-incompatibility (SI) to self-compatibility (SC) is regarded as one of the most prevalent transitions in Angiosperm evolution, having profound impacts on the genetic structure of populations. Yet, the identity and function of mutations that result in the breakdown of SI in nature are not well understood. This work provides the first detailed genetic description of the br...

CONTEXT Sour acidic liquid has a slower distal esophageal transit than a neutral liquid. Our hypothesis was that an acidic sour bolus has a different ingestion dynamic than a neutral bolus. METHOD In 50 healthy volunteers and 29 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), we evaluated the ingestion dynamics of 100 mL of acidic sour liquid (concentrated lemon juice, pH: 3.0) and 100 ...

Tristeza, caused by Citrus tristeza virus (CTV), has long been present in Florida but outbreaks of decline on sour orange rootstock were occasional events until the late 1970s. Sour orange rootstock was valued for the high quality of fruit produced and was widely used because of its tolerance of citrus blight, a disease of unknown etiology. Research was directed towards the selection and screen...

Recent research suggests that systemic signalling and communication between roots and leaves plays an important role in plant defence against herbivores. In the present study, we show that the oviposition of the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae in the systemic leaves of citrus rootstock Citrus aurantium (sour orange) was reduced by 50% when a lower leaf was previously infested with c...

INTRODUCTION The use of herbal medicines including different types of tea is among the different strategies for preventing and controlling the side-effects of diabetes. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of sour tea and green tea on mildly hypertensive patients with diabetes. METHODS The present study was a randomized clinical trial in which 100 mildly hypertensive patient...

Channel optimized ve tor quantization (COVQ), as a joint sour ehannel oding s heme, has proven to perform well in ompressing a sour e and making the resulting quantizer robust to hannel noise. Unfortunately like its ounterpart in the noiseless hannel ase, the ve tor quantizer (VQ), the COVQ en oding omplexity is inherently high. Sample adaptive produ t quantization was re ently introdu ed by Ki...

T7ze behavior of a hard wheat flour dough has been measured in lubricated uniCLrial compression experiments at compressional rates (crosshead speeds) of 0.2, 2 and 20 em/min. T7ze appropriate differential equation, derived for an upper convected MCLnvell model, while taking into account the changing strain rate during the compression at constant crosshead speed, was solved numerically. With a s...

narcissus is one of the very popular flowers among iranians. this flower has a short life. to investigate the increasing of vase life of cut narcissus, sour orange fruit extract in concentrations of 2.5, 4, 5.5 and 7 ml l-1 and sucrose in concentrations of 3, 4, 5 and 6% were used. in addition, distilled water was used as a control treatment. in this experiment, characters of vase life and perc...