The hydrolysis of sodium borohydride as a source of hydrogen gas is studied at different mole ratios of H+ to NaBH4. The sulfonated porous carbon (SPC) is used as a source of hydrogen ion and catalyst. It is found that the sulfonated porous carbon exhibits high activity for the hydrolysis of NaBH4 to generate hydrogen gas at room temperature in comparison to Amberlyst-15 and Nafion-NR50. The ki...

Molecular mechanisms underlying migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) toward sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) were analyzed in light of the hypothesis that remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton should be involved. After SPC stimulation, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including p38 MAPK (p38) and p42/44 MAPK (p42/44), were found to be phosphorylated. Migration of cells to...

PURPOSE Secondary primary cancers (SPCs) commonly arise in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We designed the present study to estimate the SPC incidence in Korean patients with RCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study cohort was population-based and consisted of 40,347 individuals from the Korean Central Cancer Registry who were diagnosed with primary renal cancer between 1993 and 2013. S...

This paper evaluates two-dimensional turbo product codes based on single-parity check codes (TPC/SPC) and low-density parity check (LDPC) codes for use in digital magnetic recording systems. It is first shown that the combination of a TPC/SPC code and a precoded partial response (PR) channel results in a good distance spectrum due to the interleaving gain. Then, density evolution is used to com...

The P2X7 receptor (P2X7R), an ATP-gated ion channel, plays essential roles in the release and maturation of IL-1beta in microglial cells in the brain. Previously, we found that lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) potentiated P2X7R-mediated intracellular signals in microglial cells. In this study, we determined whether the lysophospholipids, i.e., LPC and sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC), modulate th...

BACKGROUND Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) experience a significant symptom burden and have complex needs. However, involvement of specialist palliative care (SPC) services with these patients has previously been shown to be limited. This study assesses the current provision of and access to SPC services for ESRD patients in the UK and considers how the provision has evolved over r...

The MYTHEN single-photon-counting (SPC) detector has been characterized using the time-over-threshold (ToT) readout method, i.e. measuring the time that the signal produced by the detected X-rays remains above the comparator threshold. In the following it is shown that the ToT readout preserves the sensitivity, dynamic range and capability of background suppression of the SPC mode, while enhanc...

Statistical Process Control (SPC) is a necessary part of modern chemical processing. The software chosen to collect quality data and produce control charts will determine whether SPC is an awkward task or a smoothly operating part of the process. The right software must satisfy all basic chemical production SPC needs, while providing additional capabilities which make it the core of a well run ...

This paper provides a framework for integrating SPSM and SPC. The framework realizes their synergy by leveraging the investment in supporting software measurement processes, ensuring the stability of the underlying development process, and enhancing simulation output using visualization techniques made possible through SPC. The paper illustrates the framework by integrating SPC to an existing S...

Males have a higher morbidity and mortality for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) than females, and respond less well to hormone therapy designed to prevent RDS by stimulating fetal pulmonary surfactant production. We have shown that male fetuses exhibit delayed production of pulmonary surfactant. We tested the hypothesis that the sex difference in fetal pulmonary surfactant producti...