Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCP’s) are easier to apply and more rapidly collect velocity data than traditional current-meter instruments. However, flow discharge estimates in natural rivers and canals based on ADCP measurements rely on extrapolations of the measured velocity profiles into the unmeasured zones of the flow. Furthermore, the accuracy and reliability of ADCP’s have not bee...

We study distributions which have both fractal and non-fractal scale regions by introducing a typical scale into a scale invariant system. As one of models in which distributions follow power law in the large scale region and deviate further from the power law in the smaller scale region, we employ 2-dim quantum gravity modified by the R 2 term. As examples of distributions in the real world wh...

Leaf degree keeping process of Gnutella is discussed in this paper. Queue system based on rules of Gnutella protocol are introduced to modeling this process. The leaf degree distributions resulted from the queue system and from our real measurement are compared. The well match of those distributions reveal that the leaf degree distribution in Gnutella network should not be power law or power la...