School is and should be an important part in the lives of all children and youth. Much time is spent in school, and it serves not only as an educational arena but also as a social arena that fosters us as human beings. Lifelong friendships are ultimately developed in school, which serve as a protection when life gets rough. Our achievements in school predict our later possibilities to attend hi...

A diagnostic of Northern Hemisphere winter extratropical stratosphere–troposphere interactions is presented to facilitate the study of stratosphere–troposphere coupling and to examine what might influence these interactions. The diagnostic is a multivariate EOF combining lower-stratospheric planetary wave activity flux in December with sea level pressure in January. This EOF analysis captures a...

The sensitivities of the Brewer–Dobson circulation (BDC) to different distributions of tropical SST heating are investigated in an idealized aquaplanet model. It is found that an increase in tropical SSTs generally leads to an acceleration of tropical upwelling and an associated reduction in the age of air (AOA) in the polar stratosphere and that the AOA near the subtropical tropopause is corre...

Inertia-gravity waves with very short vertical wavelength (λz≤ 1000 m) are a very common feature of the lowermost stratosphere as observed by the 52 MHz radar ESRAD (Esrange MST radar) in northern Scandinavia (67.88 N, 21.10 E). The waves are seen most clearly in radar-derived profiles of buoyancy frequency (N ). Here, we present a case study of typical waves from 21 February to 22 February 200...

Due to the problems of potential corrosion and thermal expansion differences between traditional metal connecting pieces and carbon fiber poles, it is difficult for them to meet the operating requirements of truss structures in the environment of stratosphere. Based on the large scale composite space truss structure of stratosphere aerostats, the carbon fiber flange connection joints were studi...