incorporation of copper species into silica matrix was performed by the sol-gel method. copper ions and copper particles were doped using two different copper sources; cu(no3)2.3h2o and copper particles chemically synthesized.the particles of copper metallic, cuprous and cupric oxide were prepared and the synthesis and characterizations of copper species were compared together. on the other han...

medicinal use of the opium poppy (papaver somniferum l) has ancient history, but the isolation of morphine was not described until the early nineteenth century. morphine is the most important alkaloid of opium poppy in the last 50 years. in the morphine pathway has been reported to generate morphine in this species, codm has a crucial role as the gene coding the enzyme responsible for demethyla...

the germination power of orchids (orchidaceae family) seems to betoo weak due lack of albumen. the study carried out with various treatments including pollination time and ga3 for breaking dormancy and increasing seed germination of orchids. the effect of pollination time (8 periods from january to august) and gibberellic acid (0, 500, 1000 and 1500 mg l-1) were studied on germination of phalae...

background and purpose: over the past years, the role of fungi as a cause of nosocomial infections in hospitalized patients has been accentuated. candida species constitute an important group of fungi causing diseases in immunocompromised patients. oropharyngeal candidiasis continues to be a prevalent infection in immunodeficient patients. in this study, we aimed to determine the incidence of o...

background and purpose: oropharyngeal candidiasis (opc) and antifungal drug resistance are major health concerns in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). the increased reports of antifungal resistance and expanding drug therapy options prompted the determination of antifungal susceptibility profile. the present study was performed to determine the antifungal susceptibility of candid...

background and objectives: bordetella species colonize the respiratory tract of mammals and thereby cause the whooping cough. most of the species produce adenylate cyclase - a toxin ( hemolysin ) responsible for increasing intracellular cyclic amp (camp) levels in mammalian neutrophils and macrophages and as a consequence their phagocytic function get impaired . this study was carried out to is...

neuroserpin, a member of the serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) superfamily, is known to be a neuroprotective factor in the focal ischemic stroke followed by reducing the microglial activation. neuroserpin is a protein rich of methionine residues that can scavenge the free radical species which may increase its neuroprotective effect. on the other hand, the oxidative modifications of the amin...