This paper has studied fuel consumption in Nagel-Schreckenberg traffic flow model. The dependence of fuel consumption (per km per vehicle) on the average density ρ, the maximum velocity vmax, and the randomization probability p is studied. The relationship between fuel consumption and average velocity is also investigated. Our simulations indicate to minimize fuel consumption, different average...

energy and mass transfer investigations in thermal processing of fruits serve as a breakthrough in the design and scale up of drying systems. diffusivity characteristics and specific energy consumption for drying of fig fruit in a laboratory scale microwave dryer were assessed. several intervals for microwave power intensity including 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 w g-1, and 6 levels of power on-off ...

black tea sample was dried by a vibro-fluidized bed dryer to find its aerodynamic behavior and thermal performance during drying. the drying experiments were conducted at three different inlet air temperatures of 100, 115 and 130°c and fluidization condition at five vibration intensity levels of 0 (no vibration), 0.063, 0.189, 0.395 and 1.184. the results showed that bed channeling and defluidi...

Pollution emission levels of aircraft engines are a nowadays high concern. Any technological advance that could reduce emission levels is always welcome. In what concerns aircraft engines, a possible solution for this problem could be the use of regenerators and intercoolers. These components might reduce the specific fuel consumption, increase efficiency and specific thrust and consequently re...

and a contra rotating propeller behind it mounted on a pulling mechanical thruster. The machinery has been confi gured to keep the initial cost low by avoiding expensive electric pods and drives, and by going to a simple mechanical drive of the forward propeller using a large bore main engine. A novel machinery and cargo ramp arrangement has been developed to facilitate also very large main eng...

Fleet fuel consumption is greatly reduced through the introduction of the HSDI Diesel engine. The reduced fuel consumption is then reflected in a reduction of CO2 emissions. The drop in fuel consumption and CO2 emissions results in a rise in market acceptance, which is also the result of desirable driving performance and greatly improved NVH behavior. The continuously increasing demands on plac...

Vegetable oils are renewable in nature and can be directly used as fuels in diesel engines. However, their high viscosity and poor volatility lead to reduced thermal efficiency and increased hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide and smoke emissions. Transesterification is one of the methods by which viscosity could be drastically reduced and the fuel could be adopted for use in diesel engine. This Ester...

In the present study, a methodology for determining the factors affecting fuel consumption variation in tractors is proposed using the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) technique. The mechanical system of a rear traction tractor is modeled and the parameters responsible for the tractor performance are emphasized. From the definition of such parameters (for example: rear weight dynamic, slip, dynamic we...

A procedure for estimating fuel burned based on actual flight track data, and drag and fuel-flow models is described. The procedure consists of estimating aircraft and wind states, lift, drag and thrust. Fuel-flow for jet aircraft is determined in terms of thrust, true airspeed and altitude as prescribed by the Base of Aircraft Data fuel-flow model. This paper provides a theoretical foundation ...

In the past decade, fuel consumption and CO2 emission have increased in the airline industry. Large CO2 footprint has a damaging effect on the environment. Global concerns over this issue has made the airline industry to be greener. Most efforts of the green airline industry are improving the fuel consumption to reduce the CO2 emission and its environmental damage. Here, we use cruise speed con...