a specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method was applied for identification of bovine (bos taurus), ovine (ovis aries) and caprine (capra hircus) pure and binary mixtures of raw and heat-processed meats. these meats are used in food industry products and/or for direct consumption of consumers. the mitochondrial dna was amplified as a template in a pcr reaction by use of specific primers re...

a novel mathematical model has been developed to aid the formulation of emulsion explosives. this mathematical model calculated heat of explosion, oxygen balance and raw material cost as a function of explosive ingredients, and the solution of the mathematical model was obtained by a ms excel program. the effects of the different content of nh4no3, nano3, h2o, and span-80 and composite fuel oil...

The radiative heat transfer problem is investigated numerically for 2D complex geometry biomass pyrolysis reactor composed of two pyrolysis chambers and a heat recuperator. The fumes are a mixture of carbon dioxide and water vapor charged with absorbing and scattering particles and soot. In order to increase gases residence time and heat transfer, the heat recuperator is provided with many incl...

The long-time behavior of the current autocorrelation functions for the velocity, the shear stress, and the heat flux is investigated in freely cooling granular gases. It is found that the correlation functions for the velocity and the shear stress have the long-time tails obeying tau(-d/2), while the correlation function for heat flux decays as tau(-(d+2)/2) exp(-zeta*tau) with the dimensionle...

whereas in electrical discharge machining (edm) the heat flux entering the workpiece is extremely high, the fourier heat conduction model may fails. this article reports on determination of temperature distribution in the workpiece due to edm using non-fourier heat conduction model. equations are solved by deriving the numerical solution. the temperature layers and profiles of sample calculatio...

Heat waves, sporadic events of extreme heat, pose a threat to human life. Deaths in excess of 70 000 people during the 2003 European heat wave, 10 000 people during the 2010 Russian heat wave, and high death tolls from numerous other heat waves are staggering demonstrations that extreme climatic conditions are already exceeding human thermoregulatory capacity. The area of the planet experiencin...

In this work, the claim that optically thick gases can emit as blackbodies is refuted. The belief that such behavior exists results from an improper consideration of heat transfer and reflection. When heat is injected into a gas, the energy is primarily redistributed into translational degrees of freedom and is not used to drive emission. The average kinetic energy of the particles in the syste...

Heat waves, sporadic events of extreme heat, pose a threat to human life. Deaths in excess of 70 000 people during the 2003 European heat wave, 10 000 people during the 2010 Russian heat wave, and high death tolls from numerous other heat waves are staggering demonstrations that extreme climatic conditions are already exceeding human thermoregulatory capacity. The area of the planet experiencin...