One of the goals of physical anthropology and primatology is to understand how primate social systems influence the evolution of sexually selected traits. Howler monkeys provide a good model for studying sexual selection due to differences in social systems between related species. Here, we examine data from the sister howler monkey species Alouatta palliata and A. pigra inhabiting southeastern...

Background: Infertility about half of the men. Some factors affecting infertility is related to genetic and environmental factors. This study examined demographic characteristics of men with infertility were referred to the Shariati Hospital Infertility Clinic. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. 200 eligible patients were enrolled with written consent Face-to-face interview...

One of the best discriminators for the fertilization potential of human spermatozoa is sperm morphology. The problem in the assessment of the sperm morphological characteristics is their pleiomorphism. Examination of spermatozoa with the light microscope can provide only limited information on their internal structure. More detailed examination of sperm structure using electron microscopy can r...

Phosphorylation of tyrosine residues on sperm proteins is one important intracellular mechanism regulating sperm function that may be a meaningful indicator of capacitation. There is substantial evidence that cryopreservation promotes the capacitation of sperm and this cryocapacitation is frequently cited as one factor associated with the reduced longevity of cryopreserved sperm in the female r...

In Drosophila, mature sperm are transferred from males to females during copulation, stored in the sperm storage organs of females, and then utilized for fertilization. Here, we report a gene named sheepish (shps) of Drosophila melanogaster that is essential for sperm storage in females. shps mutant males, although producing morphologically normal and motile sperm that are effectively transferr...

The aim of the study was to examine sperm viability of Pinzgau bull insemination doses following longor short-term storage. Insemination doses, provided by Slovak Biological Services Inc. (Lužianky, Slovak Republic), were slow-frozen and stored in containers with liquid nitrogen for 1 18 years. The sperm samples were divided, according to the length of storage, to the short-term ( ≤ 15 years) a...

The effects of sauna exposure on sperm movement characteristics and other semen parameters were evaluated using computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA). A significant (p < 0.01) decrease in average path velocity (VAP), curvilinear velocity (VCL) and amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH) was found after exposure to sauna for 2 weeks. The altered parameters returned to their original value...