As important special engineering equipment, tamper is used to complete the work of construction and maintenance in the railway field. In the present market, tampers are mostly mechanically driven and exist technical limitations. A new electro-hydraulic exciter applied on new tamper is proposed. It is mainly composed of new spin valve and new micro-displacement oscillation cylinder. In the paper...

We experimentally confirmed that the spin-orbit lengths of noble metals obtained from weak antilocalization measurements are comparable to the spin diffusion lengths determined from lateral spin valve ones. Even for metals with strong spin-orbit interactions such as Pt, we verified that the two methods gave comparable values which were much larger than those obtained from recent spin torque fer...

This thesis describes experimental studies of spin-transfer induced magnetization switching and dynamics in bilayer magnetic nanopillars. Known as the spin transfer effect, a spin-polarized current can transfer its angular momentum to a magnetic layer, resulting in its reversal as well as microwave dynamics. It has become a major focus in both physics and technology. Our nanostructured spin val...

We describe spin transfer in a ferromagnet/normal metal/ferromagnet spin-valve point contact. Spin is transferred from the spin-polarized device current to the magnetization of the free layer by the mechanism of incoherent magnon emission by electrons. Our approach is based on the rate equation for the magnon occupation, using Fermi’s golden rule for magnon emission and absorption and the non-e...

Molybdenum disulfide has recently emerged as a promising two-dimensional semiconducting material for nano-electronic, opto-electronic and spintronic applications. However, the demonstration of an electron spin transport through a semiconducting MoS2 channel remains challenging. Here we show the evidence of the electrical spin injection and detection in the conduction band of a multilayer MoS2 s...

Pure spin current, a flow of spin angular momentum without flow of any accompanying net charge, is generated in two common ways. One makes use of the spin Hall effect in normal metals (NM) with strong spin-orbit coupling, such as Pt or Ta. The other utilizes the collective motion of magnetic moments or spin waves with the quasi-particle excitations called magnons. A popular material for the lat...

We propose a nonmagnetic, pseudospin-based version of a spin valve, in which the pseudospin polarization in neighboring regions of a graphene bilayer is controlled by external gates. Numerical calculations demonstrate a large on-off ratio of such a device. This finding holds promise for the realization of pseudospintronics: a form of electronics based upon the manipulation of pseudospin analogo...

Spin relaxation in graphene is investigated in electrical graphene spin valve devices in the nonlocal geometry. Ferromagnetic electrodes with in-plane magnetizations inject spins parallel to the graphene layer. They are subject to Hanle spin precession under a magnetic field B applied perpendicular to the graphene layer. Fields above 1.5 T force the magnetization direction of the ferromagnetic ...

The current induced magnetization reversal in nanoscale spin valves is a potential alternative to magnetic field switching in magnetic memories. We show that the critical switching current can be decreased by an order of magnitude by strategically distributing the resistances in the magnetically active region of the spin valve. In addition, we simulate full switching curves and predict a new pr...

Apreviously healthy 29-year-old woman complaining of atypical chest pain was referred to our hospital. No cardiovascular risk factors were present. Resting ECG demonstrated normal sinus rhythm, and an exercise ECG during full workload was inconspicuous. Routine transthoracic echocardiography revealed a small lesion protruding from the aortic side of the aortic valve (Figure 1, Data Supplement M...