Intraspinal epidermoid cyst is a rare tumor. The incidence in adults is lesser than 1% and in children lesser than 3%. Epidermoid cyst is predominantly seen at the dorsal spinal level. A large percentage of epidermoid cysts are intradural extramedullary. Intramedullary epidermal cysts are rarer, with about 70 cases reported in the literature. These may be congenital or acquired with known assoc...

Spinal cord development occurs through three consecutive periods. Gastrulation (weeks 2-3) is characterized by conversion of the embryonic disk from a bilaminar to a trilaminar arrangement and establishment of a notochord. Primary neurulation (weeks 3-4) produces the uppermost nine tenths of the spinal cord. Secondary neurulation and retrogressive differentiation (weeks 5-6) result in formation...

Eight of the 22 patients had spina bifida aperta, and 14 had spina bifida occulta. These included eight cases with repaired myelomeningocele, seven with an intraspinal lipoma and tethering of cord , three with dermal sinuses, and one with diastematomyelia. Bulging and low signal intensity of the nucleus pulposus on T2-weighted images are the criteria for disk degeneration [1 , 2] . In our study...

Lumbo-costo-vertebral syndrome, which includes abnormalities of the vertebral bodies, ribs and trunk musculature, is very rare and only few cases have been reported. We report a case of 18-month-old female child with absent ribs, hemivertebrae, superior lumbar hernia (features of lumbo-costo-vertebral syndrome) and posterior spinal dysraphism, which to our knowledge is the first case in the Eng...

Spina Bifida occulta usually presents with some cutaneous stigmata e.g. hair patch, sinus, lipoma, hyperpigmented skin and very rarely a congenital tail. A congenital tail may and may not be associated with spina bifida occulta and tethered cord. A four month old male child presented with congenital tail which was associated with spinal dysraphism and caused tethering of the cord itself. The ta...