Buildings with atrium can be found everywhere in big cities among which Hong Kong is one of the examples. The evolution of this building type should be traced back to explore the reason why it has been a popular design throughout these years. It was found originated about two hundred years ago, with changes in terms of configurations and functions occurred. After centuries of development, benef...

The existing irrigation system namely drip and sprinkler adds cost to production. So, an alternate low-cost (rain hose irrigation) was compared with other systems. study proposed find out the optimum soil moisture by selecting a proper that supports management, enhanced productivity, high water use efficiency, also involves less on treatment comprises different methods of (drip, sprinkler, rain...

An improved method for making a decision on choosing the best self-propelled sprayer from alternative options is proposed. It refers to new developments in various fields of environmental monitoring and analysis field sprinklers, but which substantiate studied factors characterizing each unit. The are taken with real values calculated parameters, desirability function weighty coefficients devel...

reduce the amount of water used, resulting in savings Low-pressure sprinkler irrigation systems have the potential to of both water and energy. save energy, but also may aggravate soiland water-management Center-pivot systems with high pressure nozzles reproblems. The objective of this research was to determine the influquire relatively large amounts of energy to develop ence of center-pivot sp...