Furrow irrigation systems have a greater application capacity, are less costly, and use less energy than sprinkler systems but furrow irrigation produces greater runoff, erosion, and deep percolation losses. Phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) losses are associated with runoff sediment, and can be minimized by eliminating irrigationinduced erosion. Excessive leaching of inorganic and organic solute...

limited water resources, especially in iran, require most effective method of water use to avoid losses. one of the important parameters in irrigation is water distribution uniformity coefficient (cu) in sprinkler irrigation. cu in every irrigation depends on pressure heads (p), riser height (rh), distance between sprinklers on lateral pipes (sl), and the distance between lateral pipes (sm). th...

Phenamiphos, ethoprop, and carbofuran each at 6.7 kg a.i./ha were applied to squash, southern pea, and corn via injection into a sprinkler irrigation system. This method was then compared with a conventional application of phenamiphos and ethoprop granules spread on the soil surface and incorporated into the top 15 cm for control of Macroposthonia ornata and Meloidogyne incognita. Nematode popu...

homa State University Research Station in Goodwell, OK to measure volatilization losses of ammoniacal N Irrigation of swine effluent is one of the most economical ways to from swine-effluent applied to the land surface by flood dispose of swine manure. The determination of appropriate application rates requires the quantification of volatilization losses of ammoirrigation. Wu et al. (2003) deve...