OBJECTIVES Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 counterregulates cell migration, adhesion, and tissue repair. The PAI1 4G/5G promoter polymorphism has an effect on expression levels of PAI1. After a first acute otitis media episode, children are at increased risk for a next episode. Because the PAI1 4G allele is associated with higher plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 production and, hence, decrea...

This reference guide contains highlights from the Clinical Practice Guideline, Otitis Media with Effusion in Young Children. The Otitis Media Guideline Panel, a private-sector panel of health care providers, developed the Guideline after comprehensively analyzing the research literature and current scientific knowledge of the development, diagnosis, and treatment of otitis media with effusion i...

Otitis media is the most common reason for children less than 5 years of age to visit a medical practitioner. Whilst the disease rarely results in death, there is significant associated morbidity. The most common complication is loss of hearing at a critical stage of the development of speech, language and cognitive abilities in children. The cause and pathogenesis of otitis media is multifacto...

BACKGROUND Middle ear disease (otitis media) is common and frequently severe in Australian Aboriginal children. There have not been any recent large-scale surveys using clear definitions and a standardised middle ear assessment. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of middle ear disease (otitis media) in a high-risk population of young Aboriginal children from remote communities...

NF2 gene – Chr 22 VHL (Von Hippel Lindau) disease – Chr 3p Ionizing radiation Criteria for radiation induced temporal bone tumours by LUSTIG is as follows : 1. • The second neoplasm must develop in the irradiated field. 2. • A latent period of at least several years must elapse between radiation exposure and the development of a second primary. 3. • The previous condition must show histological...

BACKGROUND Treatment of otitis media in children is associated with substantial expenditures because of its high frequency during childhood. Vaccines against respiratory pathogens causing otitis media are now being developed. Information about otitis media-related medical expenditures will be needed to determine the cost-effectiveness of these preventive interventions. METHODS This study used...

Streptococcus pneumoniae asymptomatically colonizes the upper respiratory tract of children and is a frequent cause of otitis media. Patterns of microbial colonization likely influence S. pneumoniae colonization and otitis media susceptibility. This study compared microbial communities in children with and without otitis media. Nasal swabs and clinical and demographic data were collected in a c...

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the predominant otitis media pathogen and its prevention through effective vaccination could diminish childhood illness and antibiotic use. This paper reviews 5 pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) trials that used otitis media as an endpoint: Northern California Kaiser Permanente (NCKP; vaccine, 7-valent PCV [PCV7]-CRM); Finnish Otitis Media (FinOM; vaccines, PCV7-C...