Partial cross ownership (PCO) in a dyad supply chain refers to a situation where each firm holds a portion of its partner’s shares. We study this topic in push and pull supply chains, and prove that neither the supply chain’s nor any member’s profit changes with the percentage of the leader’s shares the follower holds. However, while the profits of the chain and the leader increase with the per...

Despite the consumers' increasing demand of technology-based innovations for making stores more appealing and the huge availability of advanced technologies, there is still a lack of research on the retailers' and employees' points of views towards the introduction of these systems. In fact, an efficient innovation should take care of both the final users/consumers' and the retailers/employees'...

Vol. 34 No. 5 • May 2009 • P&T® 243 (see the April issue of P&T, page 175). Ms. Levine sued and received a settlement from the clinic where the drug was administered. She also named Wyeth as a defendant, claiming that the drug’s label should have more clearly instructed clinicians against using an IV push injection. The label, which the FDA had approved, warned about inadvertent intra-arterial ...

We study the performance of a flexible manufacturing line producing multiple products under different material control strategies. Specifically, we compare the throughput versus average inventory characteristics when the line operates under pure pull and pure push strategies. Using simulation we show that the pure push strategy has a higher throughput for a given level of inventory than the pur...

conclusions elective gastric pull up can be performed for children who are not above 10 kg. in such settings, the risk of respiratory infections and other complications would be significantly reduced because of shorter duration of intubation. results the mean age was 5 ± 2 years in patients who were above 10 kg and 3 ± 1 years in those less than 10 kg. patients who were less than 10 kg had shor...

this article analyses the push and pull factors that bring visitors to the iranian national parks. the study used a structured questionnaire to collect data on these factors and the socio-demographic profile of the visitors. survey conducted in boujagh national park, an area of 3177 hectares located in the north of the iran, produced 400 questionnaires. the factor analysis identified four push ...

This paper aimed to discover the dynamics attracting foreign students to pursue higher education in Taiwan. Internationalization in higher education has long been a topic of interest for many researchers. A significant body of literature has focused on the dynamics behind student mobility. In general, these studies used pull-push terminology to explain student mobility, as well as suggesting th...

We prove that a pushing-block puzzle called PUSHPUSH-k is PSPACE-complete for any fixed k ≥ 1. In this puzzle, a robot moves on a finite grid. Each grid position is either empty or occupied by a single obstacle block. While moving, the robot may push obstacle blocks in direction of its movement, subject to certain constraints. In particular, once an obstacle block starts moving, it continues to...

PRELIMINARY AND INCOMPLETE: PLEASE DO NOT CITE Big Push models suggest that local product demand can create multiple labor market equilibria: one featuring high wages, formalization, and high demand and one with low wages, informality, and low demand. I demonstrate that minimum wages may coordinate development at the high wage equilibrium. Using data from 1990s Indonesia, where minimum wages in...

The rapid evolution of voice and data technology is significantly changing the business environment. The introduction of services such as instant messaging, integrated voice and email, and follow me services has contributed to a work environment where employees can communicate much more efficiently, thus increasing productivity. To meet the demands of the changing business environment businesse...