1. Abstract In this research, a new topology optimization (TO) method was proposed to consider dynamic failure criteria (fatigue) under constant and proportional loading. Despite the great development of the topology optimization, the TO method considering the static or dynamic failure constraints has been regarded as one of the difficult problems. Although the TO method for the static failure ...

In this paper, we present an analytical model to analysis the kirk effect onstatic and dynamic responses of quantum well heterojunction bipolar transistor lasers(HBTLs). Our analysis is based on solving the kirk current equation, continuityequation and rate equations of HBTL. We compare the performance (current gain,output photon number and small signal modulation bandwi...

A widely adopted neural model of face perception (Haxby, Hoffman, & Gobbini, 2000) proposes that the posterior superior temporal sulcus (STS) represents the changeable features of a face, while the face-responsive fusiform gyrus (FFA) encodes invariant aspects of facial structure. 'Changeable features' of a face can include rigid and non-rigid movements. The current study investigated neural re...

introduction: one of the main sections of warm up is stretching which the importance of them is static and dynamic stretching. the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of static and dynamic stretching within a pre-exercise warm-up on the static and dynamic in soccer players. materials and methods: eighteen physical education female students (height: 159.68 ± 5.94 cm; mass: 60.21 ± 5...

The possibility of using randomly generated stimulus intervals (with a Poisson distribution) to identify the type(s) of intrafusal fiber activated by the stimulation of single static gamma axons was tested in Peroneus tertius muscle spindles of anesthetized cats. Three patterns of random stimulation with different values of mean intervals [20 +/- 4. 47, 30 +/- 8.94, and 40 +/- 8.94 (SD) ms] wer...

Temporal cortical neurons are known to respond to visual dynamic-action displays. Many human psychophysical and functional imaging studies examining biological motion perception have used treadmill walking, in contrast to previous macaque single-cell studies. We assessed the coding of locomotion in rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) temporal cortex using movies of stationary walkers, varying both f...

An experiment was conducted to compare the recognition accuracy for static and animated buttons. Static and animated buttons were designed for 28 computer tasks. The tasks were categorized into low, medium, and high levels of complexity. Subjects identified the correct tasks of the animated buttons (78.6%) more often than for the static buttons (64.3%). The data were also analyzed for the numbe...

Despite the numerous studies on the effect of the magnetic field on plants, the exact mechanism of these effects has not yet been determined. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of magnetic field on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of two almond species (Amygdalus scoparia and A. eburnea). For this purpose, 21-day-old almond plants were affected by 10 mT static magnetic fie...

the nonlinear static procedures (nsps) proposed by design codes do not lead to reliable results especially for tall buildings. they generally provide inconsistent estimates of inelastic seismic demands, especially for the top floors due to their inabilities in considering the higher modes effects. in this paper, a new enhanced pushover procedure is proposed which is based on the envelope of the...