In recent years, inkjet technology has played an important role in industrial materials printing and various sensors fabrication, but the mechanisms of the inkjet print head should be researched more elaborately. The steady state deformation analysis of a tubular piezoelectric print head, which can be classified as a plane strain problem because the radii of the tubes are considerably smaller t...

Properties of the shunt pathway (a pathway in parallel to the Na transport system) in frog skin have been examined. The permeability of this shunt to urea increases markedly when the skin is depolarized to -100 mv (inside negative) but hyperpolarization to +100 mv produces no change in urea permeability compared to short-circuit conditions. The permeability increase at depolarizing potentials i...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine the efficiency of the averaging technique for estimating multiple auditory steady state responses in normal hearing subjects and to provide quantifiable stopping criteria at near-threshold intensities. METHODS Multiple amplitude-modulated (89-115 Hz) tones (500, 1,000, 2,000 and 4,000 Hz) were simultaneously presented to both ea...

Systems for which each constant input gives rise to a unique globally attracting equilibrium are considered. A counterexample is provided to show that inputs which are only asymptotically constant may not result in states converging to equilibria (failure of the converging-input converging state, or “CICS” property).

This article was submitted to HR by Douglas L. Beck, AuD, director of professional relations at Oticon Inc, Somerset, NJ; David P. Speidel, MS, director of audiology services, and Michelle Petrak, PhD, audiologist and product manager at Interacoustics, Eden Prairie, Minn. Correspondence can be addressed to [email protected] or Douglas Beck at Oticon Inc, 29 Schoolhouse Road, Somerset, NJ...

Neural oscillations are the intrinsic characteristics of brain activities. Traditional electrophysiological techniques (e.g., the steady-state evoked potential, SSEP) have provided important insights into the mechanisms of neural oscillations in the high frequency ranges (>1 Hz). However, the neural oscillations within the low frequency ranges (<1 Hz) and deep brain areas are rarely examined. B...

OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness of auditory steady-state response (ASSR) as a measure of hearing sensitivity in young children suspect for significant hearing loss. DESIGN Within-subject comparisons of click auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds and ASSR thresholds. SUBJECTS The study population comprised 42 children suspect for hearing loss and subsequently referred for hea...

BACKGROUND the auditory steady state response (ASSR) is an electrophysiological procedure that evaluates, at the same time, the hearing thresholds of both ears at various frequencies. This procedure reduces the time of testing and enables the stimulation of levels close to 125dB HL, characterizing residual hearing. AIM to verify the applicability of the ASSR to determine the hearing threshold...

Two studies were aimed at developing the auditory steady-state response (ASSR) for universal newborn hearing screening. First, neonates who had passed auditory brainstem response, transient evoked otoacoustic emission, and distortion-product otoacoustic emission tests were also tested with ASSRs using modulated tones that varied in frequency and level. Pass rates were highest (> 90%) for amplit...

Receptor trafficking is used to describe the internalization and recycling processes of receptors in the cell. Considerable efforts of quantitative modeling have been made so far in the study of receptor trafficking networks. For the reason of simple mathematical analysis, the canonical receptor trafficking models either ignored the recycling step of receptors or didn't consider the trafficking...