Strained rings are increasingly important for the design of pharmaceutical candidates, but cross-coupling strained remains challenging. An attractive, underdeveloped, approach to diverse functionalized carbocyclic and heterocyclic frameworks containing all-carbon quaternary centers is coupling abundant strained-ring carboxylic acids with aryl halides. Herein we disclose development a nickel-cat...

Spin-polarized electron photoemission has been investigated for strained III-V compounds; 1) strained In,Ga I-~As epitaxially grown on a GaAs substrate, and 2) strained GaAs grown on a GaAsl-,P, buffer layer. The lattice mismatched heterostructure results in a highly strained epitaxial layer, and electron spin polarization as high as 90% has been observed. Polarized electron sources have wide a...

We report experimental and three-dimensional discrete dislocation dynamics measurements to characterize the effect of high starting dislocation density on size-affected flow. Microcrystals were focused ion beam milled into a pre-strained bulk Ni single crystal to obtain a dense heterogeneous dislocation cell structure. The strength-scaling exponent is shown to decreases considerably with increa...

An analytical model of channel current for the uniaxial strained Si nanometer NMOSFET has been developed with the degradation due to total dose irradiation taken into consideration. Based on this model, the numerical simulation has been carried out by Matlab, and the influence of the total dose on channel current was simulated. Furthermore, to evaluate the validity of the model, the simulation ...

V. A. Andreyachshenko Faculty of Nanotechnology and Metallurgy, Karaganda state technical University, Karaganda In the paper there is studied stressed-and-strained state formed in a billet by fullering in a tool with movable elements. It is determined that compressing stresses prevail in the studied tool; they improve the quality of the processed billets. Even maximum main normal stresses have ...

As MOS Transistors channel length continues to scale beyond 90nm, classical drift-diffusion model for carrier transport of such type of devices is not valid. For these dimensions of Transistors QuasiBallistic/ Ballistic transport phenomena occur and a new mobility model is required to predict electrical behavior of these devices perfectly. Selfheating is also one the importance critical problem...

Purpose To investigate intraocular expression of COL7A1 and its protein product type VII collagen, particularly at the accommodation system. Methods Eyes from 26 human adult donors were used. COL7A1 expression was analyzed in ex vivo ciliary epithelium by microarray. Type VII collagen distribution was examined by Western blot analysis, immunohistochemistry. and immuno-electron microscopy. R...

We determine the atomic structure of the pseudotetragonal T phase and the pseudorhombohedral R phase in highly strained multiferroic BiFeO(3) thin films by using a combination of atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy and electron energy-loss spectroscopy. The coordination of the Fe atoms and their displacement relative to the O and Bi positions are assessed by direct imagi...

Gold-catalyzed reactions, which have been widely explored over the past several years, are powerful tools in organic synthesis to access complex molecular frameworks, and some corresponding excellent reviews have been reported. However, little attention has been paid to summarize the reactions of strained small-ring-containing molecules catalyzed by gold. This critical review mainly puts its em...