Often simple metrics are used to summarise complex patterns in stream benthic ecology, thus it is important to understand how well these metrics can explain the finer-scale underlying environmental variation often hidden by coarser-scale influences. I sampled 47 relatively pristine streams in the central North Island of New Zealand in 2007 and (1) evaluated the local-scale drivers of macroinver...

Unchanging physicochemical conditions and nutrient sources over long periods of time in cave and karst subsurface habitats, particularly aquifers, can support stable ecosystems, termed autochthonous microbial endokarst communities (AMEC). AMEC existence is unknown for other karst settings, such as epigenic cave streams. Conceptually, AMEC should not form in streams due to faster turnover rates ...

We introduce a task model for embedded systems operating on packet streams, such as network processors. This model along with a calculus meant for reasoning about packet streams allows a unified treatment of several problems arising in the network packet processing domain such as packet scheduling, task scheduling and architecture/algorithm explorations in the design of network processors. The ...

Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural networks are recurrent neural networks that contain memory units that can store contextual information from past inputs for arbitrary amounts of time. A typical LSTM neural network language model is trained by feeding an input sequence. i.e., a stream of words, to the input layer of the network and the output layer predicts the probability of the next word g...

Streams are infinite sequences over a given data type. A stream specification is a set of equations intended to define a stream. We propose a transformation from such a stream specification to a term rewriting system (TRS) in such a way that termination of the resulting TRS implies that the stream specification is well-defined, that is, admits a unique solution. As a consequence, proving well-d...

We propose a model, called a deliberation structure model, that represents streams of relevant messages in email communication. The deliberation structure model treats e-mail messages that include several topics and uses tree structure, called deliberation trees, that are based on Clark’s contribution trees to represent message structure. Deliberation trees are useful to visualize the message s...

This paper presents a new method to calculate the freshwater target for water using networks with single contaminant. The pinch point is determined by exploiting one of the features of water-pinch-analysis: freshwater is only necessary below the pinch. With the known pinch point, the calculation of the freshwater target becomes very simple, especially for the networks with many streams. The res...