Osteonecrosis (ON), subchondral insufficiency fracture (SIF), and rapidly destructive coxopathy (RDC) are considered to be clinically different disorders despite exhibiting several overlapping features. We encountered an elderly female patient with an atypical clinical course who was radiographically diagnosed as having osteoarthritis (OA), ON, SIF, and/or RDC over a long-term follow-up. In thi...

Recent empirical investigations suggest a universal scaling law for the spatial structure of social networks. It is found that the probability density distribution of an individual to have a friend at distance d scales as P(d) ∝ d−1. According to this spatial property, a scale invariant friendship (SIF) network model is introduced to deal with the navigation problem with non-uniform population ...

BACKGROUND A supervised injection facility (SIF) has been established in North America: Insite, in Vancouver, British Columbia. The purpose of this paper is to conduct a cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit analysis of this SIF using secondary data gathered and analysed in 2008. In using these data we seek to determine whether the facility's prevention of infections and deaths among injecting dr...

BACKGROUND Conventional drug overdose prevention strategies have been criticised for failing to address the macro- and micro-environmental factors that shape drug injecting practices and compromise individual ability to reduce the risks associated with drug-related overdose. This in turn has led to calls for interventions that address overdose risks by modifying the drug-using environment, incl...

A new procedure in the field of Bézier base extended isogeometric method (XIGA) has been introduced to analyze effect welding residual stress and thermal load on crack propagation rate fatigue life. This is based constitutive thermoelastic plastic equation. The main parts this are using B´ezier XIGA calculate redistribution due growth compute value intensity factor (SIF) field. For purpose, gri...

Under NSF sponsorship, we are developing a Solid Interchange Format (SIF) with which descriptions of desired parts can be transmitted efficiently and unambiguously from a designer to competing fabricators. SIF is a terse, human readable ASCII format providing a processand resolution-independent description of the desired shape. It also explicitly captures some aspects of the part topology and o...

Superior cervical and hypogastric ganglia were removed from rats that had been perfused with a mixture of 4% paraformaldehyde and 0.25% glutaraldehyde. Specific antisera against Met5-enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8 (MEAGL) and bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide (BN/GRP) were used in the immunofluorescence procedure. In hypogastric ganglia, a subpopulation of small intensely fluorescent (SIF) cells, a...

Fatigue cracks commonly occur for in-service engineering structures. The main parameter fatigue crack is the stress intensity factor (SIF). SIF an indicator of growth and remaining life a structure. Nonetheless, problem was raised when determining since could not be presented in physical phenomena. Thus, technique required to predict range SIF. Maximum minimum bounds help estimate life. This pa...

In the present work, a simple formula for evaluation of stress intensity factor (SIF) convex embedded polygonal cracks has been proposed. This is structured as correction Oore-Burns’ equation and based on accurate three-dimensional FE analysis. Furthermore, precise regular crack given.

In this paper, the problem of calculating the stress intensity factor (SIF) for an orthotropic thick-walled cylinder with a small radial crack subject to internal pressure is considered. The crack is assumed to be an edge crack on the external radius of the cylinder. The stress intensity factor is calculated by superposition of an uncracked cylinder with uniform stress distribution and a cylind...