To cite: Moreira-Silva S, Urbano J, Rocha G, et al. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/ bcr-2015-213623 DESCRIPTION Pneumothorax complicates 1–6% of transbronchial biopsies whereas pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema are rare complications of this procedure. Pneumomediastinum is defined as an abnormal accumulation of air within the mediastinum. I...