PURPOSE To compare stability and subsidence associated with 3 types of cervical spine stabilisation. METHODS The C3 to C4 vertebrae of 28 Polish pigs were used. Pigs with intact vertebrae (group 1) underwent standard anterior cervical discectomy (group 2), followed by stabilisation using a cage alone (group 3), a cage with plate (group 4), or a plate-cage (group 5). Cervical spine stability a...

Relative sea/land level changes are fundamental to people living in deltas. Net subsidence is complex and attributed to tectonics, compaction, sedimentation and anthropogenic causes. It can have severe impacts and needs to be quantified and where possible (for subsidence due to anthropogenic causes) avoided. For the highly populated Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna delta, a large range of net subsiden...

[1] Coastal regions are increasingly affected by larger storms and rising sea level predicted by global warming models, aggravating the situation in the city of Venice where tidal-induced seasonal flooding coupled with natural and anthropogenic subsidence have been perennial problems. In light of accelerated efforts to protect Venice from the rise in sea level we assess land subsidence in the V...

Generally, alluvial basins of arid and semiarid zones are the places with excessive groundwater withdrawal, and also they have a high potential for land subsidence. Excessive groundwater withdrawals have caused severe land subsidence in Tehran, Iran. At present, the maximum land subsidence rate is 36 cm/year, covering an area of nearly 530 km2. In the 2000s, as a result of economic and populati...

The need to understand the location of abandoned workings has recently been highlighted by the failure of the Martin County Coal Corporation tailings impoundment near Inez, Kentucky on October 11, 2000 and the July 24, 2002 Quecreek Mine inundation that trapped nine miners for 77 hours in Somerset County, Pennsylvania. On a more routine basis, subsidence from abandoned mines represents a signif...

This paper presents a MATLAB program designed to invert 1D strain rate from subsidence data. In forward modeling, we use an implicit finite difference scheme to solve the heat conduction equation with an advective term. In the inversion, we adopt the Powell algorithm to continually search for the optimal values of strain rate until the fit, defined by the difference between the calculated subsi...

Subsidence can be caused by a diverse set of human activities and natural processes, including mining of coal, withdrawal of ground water, petroleum, and melting of permafrost. More than 80 percent of the identified subsidence in the Nation results from underground water pumping. The increasing development of urban area and need of water resources threaten to exacerbate existing land subsidence...

China, as the largest coal-producing and -consuming country in the world, is highly dependent on its coal industry, or “Black Gold” industry, for the national energy and economy. The consequent environmental crises, however, have persisted for decades, and the most serious effect is surface subsidence induced by underground mining. Underground coal excavation in China has ignored this problem f...

BACKGROUND Many studies have examined the risk factors for HCC (including hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, aflatoxin, retinol, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption). However, data from previous studies on the association between iron exposure, land subsidence, and HCC mortality/incidence were limited, especially in Taiwanese population. We aimed to explore the geographical distributi...

Land subsidence is a severe geologic hazard threading the lowlying coastal areas worldwide. Monitoring land subsidence has been significantly improved over the last few years by space borne earth observation techniques based on SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) Interferometry. Within the INLET Project, funded by Magistrato alle Acque di Venezia – Venice Water Authority (VWA) and Consorzio Venezia ...