Spreading of urban wastewater on agricultural land may lead to concomitant input of organic and inorganic pollutants. Such multiple pollution sites offer unique opportunities to study the fate of both heavy metals and pharmaceuticals. We examined the occurrence and fate of selected antibiotics in sandy-textured soils, sampled four years after cessation of 100 years irrigation with urban wastewa...

Rangeland plant productivity and species composition are affected by moisture availability and grazing intensity. We examined warmand cool-season grass productivity and relative distribution on grazed and ungrazed sites, receiving either natural precipitation or precipitation plus limited supplemental irrigation. The amount of additional water varied depending on rainfall during the previous we...

A mixture of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) (Telone C35) is an increasingly used fumigant product for pre-plant soil fumigation in California, USA. Atmospheric emissions of volatile organic compounds, including these important pesticides, is more heavily regulated in an effort to improve air-quality. Research has identified various methods of reducing fumigant emissions but e...

The importance of controlled water supply is indispensable for the sustainability in low land paddy production, which varies enormously from region to region and country to country. What essential is the degree of importance given to the three elements of water management namely (i) resource management within the watershed (ii) conveyance to the crop fields and (iii) management within farm fiel...

A theory based on Manning roughness equation, Philip equation and water balance equation was developed which only employed the advance distance in the calculation of the infiltration parameters and irrigation coefficients in both the border irrigation and the surge irrigation. The improved procedure was validated with both the border irrigation and surge irrigation experiments. The main results...

Intensification of the dairy industry in southern Idaho has led to the overapplication of manures and a buildup of soil phosphorus (P), which is a potential threat to water quality in the region. As the use of alum has been shown to reduce both soluble manure P and runoff P from alum-treated manures, the objective of this study was to determine if surface applications of alum to dairy manure an...

Roots are the key elements in water saving rice cultivation. So, Background the response of rice roots are to be phenotyped under varied drip irrigation treatments. : This study describes an investigation on rice root Methods phenotyping under drip irrigation treatments in split-split plot design. Two lateral spacing levels (0.8 and 1.2m), laid at two depths of sub surface irrigation (5-10 and ...

Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is a routine treatment for cardiac arrhythmias. During RFCA, the electrode-tissue interface temperature should be kept below 80 °C to avoid thrombus formation. Open-irrigated electrodes facilitate power delivery while keeping low temperatures around the catheter. No computational model of an open-irrigated electrode in endocardial RFCA accounting for both...

In order to assessment of SDI system application in the condition of wastewater reuse, three treatments with three replications were design. These treatments included check treatment with drinking water (CH), surface drip irrigation with wastewater (DI) and subsurface drip irrigation with wastewater (SDI). In addition, before pipeline, a SDI filtration designed to improve biological index of wa...