Through ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring, we know that BP usually follows a distinct circadian rhythm, characterized by a nocturnal decline during sleep of 10% to 30%, followed by a moderate-to-marked increase coinciding with the time of awakening.1 For 2 decades, there has been great interest in the early morning period by preventive cardiologists and hypertension specialists, because...

Recent clinical studies demonstrated that an exaggerated morning blood pressure (BP) surge is a risk for cardiovascular events, such as ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.1–3 Simultaneously, neurohumoral factors and various cardiovascular risk factors are exaggerated in the morning. Although the precise molecular mechanisms remain unclear, exaggerated morning BP surge has been closely associated w...

During spring sheep do not normally ovulate but exposure to a ram can induce ovulation. In some ewes an LH surge is induced immediately after exposure to a ram thus raising questions about the control of this precocious LH surge. Our first aim was to determine the plasma concentrations of oestradiol (E2) E2 in anoestrous ewes before and after the "ram effect" in ewes that had a "precocious" LH ...

The Karakoram mountain range is well known for its numerous surge-type glaciers of which several have recently surged or are still doing so. Analysis of multi-temporal satellite images and digital elevation models have revealed impressive details about the related changes (e.g., in glacier length, surface elevation and flow velocities) and considerably expanded the database of known surge-type ...

OBJECTIVE Implementation of winter surge management in intensive care is hampered by the annual variability in the start and duration of the winter surge. We aimed to develop a real-time monitoring system that could identify the start promptly and accurately predict the end of the winter surge in a pediatric intensive care setting. DESIGN We adapted a method from the stock market called "Boll...

Mechanical ventilation in a situation of mass casualty respiratory failure will require a substantial increase in the capacity for mechanical ventilation, to prevent unnecessary mortality. Concern over the difficulties of treating large numbers of patients with respiratory failure is exceeded only by our lack of experience on which to base decisions. This review evaluates the likely scenarios t...

The proestrus preovulatory luteinizing hormone (LH) surge was absent or delayed in more than 56% of untreated streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Absence of LH surge was associated with anovulation. Insulin treatment for 10-14 days restored the diminished surge and ovulation frequency. Pituitary LH release in response to exogenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone administration in diabetic rats was not...

Through ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring, we know that BP usually follows a distinct circadian rhythm, characterized by a nocturnal decline during sleep of 10% to 30%, followed by a moderate-to-marked increase coinciding with the time of awakening.1 For 2 decades, there has been great interest in the early morning period by preventive cardiologists and hypertension specialists, because...