Charge independence and charge symmetry are approximate symmetries of nature, violated by the perturbing effects of the mass difference between up and down quarks and by electromagnetic interactions. The observations of the symmetry breaking effects in nuclear and particle physics and the implications of those effects are reviewed.

We consider a proposal that the masses of fermions in the Standard Model are determined by dynamical symmetry breaking. Rather than being introduced as arbitrary parameters in the Lagrangian, they are determined self-consistently by the requirement that the proper self-energy vanish on the fermion mass shell. We find in the one-loop approximation that it is possible to generate a heavy top quar...

We consider the dimensional reduction of a bulk scalar field in the Randall-Sundrum model. By allowing the scalar field to be nonminimally coupled to the spacetime curvature we show that it is possible to generate spontaneous symmetry breaking on the brane. e-mail:[email protected] e-mail: [email protected]

It is known that a large neutrino number, of the order of a few percent of the entropy of the universe, leads to symmetry breaking at high temperature. We show here that in the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) this implies the breaking of electromagnetic charge invariance at T ≫ MW allowing for the solution of the monopole problem. [email protected] [email protected]

In this paper, we will describe the planner UPWARDS, competing in the sixth international planning competition. Our primary focus will be on the novel contributions of the planner: in particular, the application of symmetry breaking, mobile analysis and tunnel macros in sequential cost-optimal SAS+ planning. A brief outline of UPWARDS itself is then

We investigate the little hierarchy between Z boson mass and the SUSY breaking scale in the context of landscape of electroweak symmetry breaking vacua. We consider the radiative symmetry breaking and found that the scale where the electroweak symmetry breaking conditions are satisfied and the average stop mass scale is preferred to be very close to each other in spite of the fact that their or...

In this paper, we study the influence of hard supersymmetry breaking terms in a N = 1, d = 4 supersymmetric model, in S × R spacetime topology. It is shown that when the radius of the compact dimension is large supersymmetry is unbroken, and dynamically breaks as the radius decreases. We point out that this resembles the inverse symmetry breaking of continuous symmetries at finite temperature (...

We perform a lattice analysis of the Faddeev–Niemi effective action conjectured to describe the low energy sector of SU (2) Yang-Mills theory. We generalize the effective action such that it contains all operators built from a unit color vector field n with O(3) symmetry and maximally four derivatives. To avoid the presence of Goldstone bosons, we include explicit symmetry breaking terms parame...

We present a general analysis of the field theoretical properties which guarantee the recovery, at the renormalized level, of symmetries broken by regularization. We also discuss the anomalous case.