A hallmark pattern of activity in developing nervous systems is spontaneous, synchronized network activity. Synchronized activity has been observed in intact spinal cord, brainstem, retina, cortex and dissociated neuronal culture preparations. During periods of spontaneous activity, neurons depolarize to fire single or bursts of action potentials, activating many ion channels. Depolarization ac...

− Test of insulation resistance is pre-requisite for leakage effect evaluation in many electrical measurements. Especially high resistance measurement at low working voltage is often required for evaluation of high precision measurement system. The high resistance measurement at low voltage level with portable hand-set is a challenging task. Here we suggest a simple and convenient method to mea...

A measurement system was successfully fabricated to detect ion concentrations (hydrogen and chlorine) in this study. PIC18F4520, the microcontroller was used as the control unit in the measurement system. The measurement system was practically used to sense the H and Cl in different examples, and the pH and pCl values were exhibited on real-time LCD display promptly. In the study, the measureme...

Chaos is aperiodic behavior in deterministic nonlinear dynamical systems that is highly sensitive to initial conditions. Chaotic behavior can be observed in a simple electronic (RLD) circuit consisting of a resistor, diode, and inductor with an oscillatory voltage drive signal. The output voltage signal exhibits both stable periodic behavior and chaotic behavior, which are visualized by power s...

In this paper we present an ultra low-voltage and high speed D flip-flop. The flip-flop has an increased current level compared to standard CMOS circuits operating at low supply voltages. The increased current level is obtained by using a synchronized capacitive coupling to a semi floating-gate. The delay of the static differential flip-flop presented is less than 12% compared to conventional d...

A measurement system was successfully fabricated to detect ion concentrations (hydrogen and chlorine) in this study. PIC18F4520, the microcontroller was used as the control unit in the measurement system. The measurement system was practically used to sense the H and Cl in different examples, and the pH and pCl values were exhibited on real-time LCD display promptly. In the study, the measureme...

Successful reproductive management in buffaloes depends on effective estrus detection. Urinary pheromones identified from natural estrous cycle have been reported to decipher estrus phase. However, its presence has not been analyzed in the urine after synchronization. Thus, our present investigation was to investigate the influence of synchronized estrus urine in bulls and to examine the presen...

In this paper excitation characteristics of the Liquid Crystal (LC) capacitive chemical and biological sensor are examined and the optimum frequency and voltage range for the sensor interface are introduced. Interdigitated capacitor has been used for the sensor capacitance measurement and two different molecular orientations, homeotropic and homogenous, have been considered. The LC sensor capac...