interleukin-4 (il-4) is produced by t-helper cells type 2 (th2) and induces ige synthesis. t-helper cells type 1 (th1) produce interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) which suppresses th2 and reduces il-4 induced ige production. in this :;tudy , we demonstrated that the levels of specific ige in the serum of atopic children (n=20) were elevated while il-4 production was increased and ifn-gamma secretion w...

T helper cells are crucial for psoriasis pathogenesis. Communication between and psoriatic keratinocytes (KCs) helps drive the Th1 Th17 response, but underlying mechanism is not well-understood. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) emerging mediators of intercellular communication. Here, we investigated role KC-derived sEVs in response psoriasis. We isolated characterized from KCs under normal (...