With the advent of e-commerce, logistics providers are faced with the challenge of handling fluctuating and sparsely distributed demand, which raises their operational costs significantly. As a result, horizontal cooperation are gaining momentum around the world. One of the major impediments, however, is the lack of stable and fair profit sharing mechanism. In this paper, we address this proble...

Remanufactured products offer better environmental benefits, and governments encourage manufacturers to remanufacture through various subsidy policies. This practice has shown that, in addition to product sales, remanufactured product can also achieve its value through social donation. Based on the remanufactured product value realization approaches, governments provide two kinds of incentive p...

the study examines the effects of awareness of fertilizer subsidy on the yield of crops among rural farmers in ghana. random sampling was used to select six communities and 10 households per community. they include bawku, navrongo, tolon kumbungu and walewale from the northern part and ejura and atebubu in the southern part of ghana. primary data were collected from the sampled household by adm...

This paper analyzes the responses of profit maximizing groundwater users to modifications (elimination, reduction, decoupling) of the subsidy to electricity frequently used for water pumping. It proposes a theoretical model, and numerically derives general results for a simplified case with homogeneous users. The model is applied to aquifers in Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico and in Kern County, Calif...

Since the work by Mirrlees (1971, 1974, 1986), the second-best approach to welfarist optimal taxation has been widely adopted. This approach discards personalized lump-sum transfers and taxes because they are not implementable when the exogenous parameters on which they depend are private information. In contrast, in his recent book Macrojustice (Kolm, 2004), SergeChristophe Kolm proposes a tax...

This paper examines how changes in major elements of the U.S. federal crop insurance program affect the structure of the agricultural insurance industry. We model interactions between farmers, insurance agents and insurance companies. Marginal changes in government policy (premium subsidy rate, A&O subsidy rate, and loading factor) affect the insurance premium rate, agent compensation rates, ag...

In this paper, we examine the welfare properties of strategic fragmentation under production subsidies. We first consider a case in which a production subsidy rate is given exogenously. We show that, under the fixed subsidy policy, firms choose fragmentation despite the domestic production being socially desirable. Next, we examine a situation in which the government chooses a production subsid...

A rebate subsidy of rate s is functionally equivalent to a matching subsidy of rate r s 5 s /(12 s ). Other things equal, an individual should respond identically to the two m r r subsidies. We test the effect on charitable giving of the framing of a subsidy as a rebate or as a match. Subjects make a series of ‘dictator’ allocation decisions, dividing an endowment between themselves and their c...