abstract background: in most countries, one of the main reasons for developing more advanced roles for nurses is to improve access to care in the context of limited number of doctors. it is considered that the introduction of major policy initiatives, such as nurse prescribing, requires high-level discussion and policy development to ensure successful implementation. this study aimed to identif...

background: drug users (opiate dependency) account for about 65% of all aids cases in iran. drug injection has been identified as the most common way of hiv transmission in these patients. this study aimed to determine self-efficacy, and perceived benefits / barriers of aids preventive behaviors in opiate dependency. methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted in 2009.the study population wa...

In the advent of coronavirus pandemic and push to digital work, this op-ed argues that emerging economy can be vital for enabling refugee women in Middle East North Africa (MENA) overcome existing livelihood barriers. Since outbreak Syrian crisis 2011, over 6.5 million refugees have been registered by United Nations High Commissioner Refugees (UNHCR) globally. Neighbouring countries across MENA...