INTRODUCTION High resolution magnetic resonance imaging of the temporal lobe shows most cases of mesial temporal lobe sclerosis, the most common cause of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). In combination with EEG it yields lateralizing results in approx. 90 % of the patients. Several clinical studies on adult patients as well as on children (1,2,3) have demonstrated that proton magnetic resonance sp...

Background and Objective: Temporal lobe epilepsy is hallmarked with neuronal degeneration in some areas of hippocampus and mossy fiber sprouting in dentate area. Considering some evidences on neuroprotective and antioxidant activity of silymarin (SM), this study was undertaken to evaluate the preventive effect of this agent on structural changes in hippocampus of kainate-epileptic rats. Materia...

BACKGROUND Temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with a significant risk of psychosis but there are only limited studies investigating the underlying neurobiology. AIMS To characterise neuroanatomical changes in temporal lobe epilepsy and comorbid psychosis. METHOD The study population comprised all individuals with temporal lobe epilepsy on the epilepsy database at the National Centre for E...

Tumefactive demyelinating lesions are a rare presentation of multiple sclerosis (MS). Diagnosis of tumefactive is commonly carried out using magnetic resonance image (MRI). Tumefactive diagnosis is difficult because of may similar to the clinical and MRI characteristics of glioma or a cerebral abscess. We presented a 35-years-old female with one episode of secondary generalized seizure after de...

Surgery of temporal lobe epilepsy is the best opportunity for seizure freedom in medically intractable patients. The surgical approach has evolved to recognize the paramount importance of the mesial temporal structures in the majority of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy who have a seizure origin in the mesial temporal structures. For those individuals with medically intractable mesial tempo...

AIM Comprising large areas of association cortex, the parietal lobe is part of an extensive synaptic network elaborately intertwined with other brain regions. We hypothesize that such widespread projections are responsible for producing inaccurate localisation readings on scalp EEG and clinical semiology in patients with parietal lobe epilepsies, as opposed to frontal or temporal lobe epilepsie...

Introduction. Intracranial extension of cholesteatoma is rare. This may occur de novo or recur some time later either contiguous with or separate to the site of the original cholesteatoma. Presentation of Case. A 63-year-old female presented to a tertiary referral hospital with a fluctuating level of consciousness, fever, headache, and right-sided otorrhoea, progressing over several days. Her p...

Category knowledge can be explicit, yet not conform to a perfect rule. For example, a child may acquire the rule "If it has wings, then it is a bird," but then must account for exceptions to this rule, such as bats. The current study explored the neurobiological basis of rule-plus-exception learning by using quantitative predictions from a category learning model, SUSTAIN, to analyze behavioral...